Fig. 5.

SCI increases the amplitude of DSFs. (A) SCI surgery, but not sham, induced an increase in mean DSF amplitudes recorded at RMP (left) and at −45 mV (right) in presumptive nociceptors isolated from wild-type, EPAC1^−/− and EPAC2^−/− mice. (B) EPAC1 or EPAC2 deletion had little to no effect on the voltage-dependence of the DSF. (C) Incidence of large subthreshold DSFs (≥8 mV) found in SCI WT mice was not significantly changed in EPAC1^−/− or EPAC2^−/− SCI mice at RMP and at −45 mV. Suprathreshold DSFs were excluded from analysis. Data are represented as mean ± SEM. Statistical comparisons were performed with Kruskal-Wallis followed by Dunn’s method for pairwise comparisons and Bonferroni-corrected Fisher’s exact test for comparisons of incidences. DSF, depolarizing spontaneous fluctuation; EPAC, exchange protein activated by cAMP; KO, knock-out; SCI, spinal cord injury; SEM, standard error of the mean.