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. 2019 Nov 27;16(23):4756. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16234756

Table 2.

Prevalence of smoking among parents who smoked and under-5 child mortality, percent (95% CI).

Country, year Parental smoking Under-5 child mortality
Only father Only mother Both parents
Cambodia, 2014 38.2 (36.4, 39.9) 0.9 (0.5, 1.2) 2.2 (1.6, 2.7) 11.1 (9.9, 12.2)
Indonesia, 2017 70.2 (69.2, 71.1) 0.3 (0.2, 0.4) 1.7 (1.4, 1.9) 8.9 (8.3, 9.4)
Lao PDR, 2017 50.6 (49.2, 51.9) 1.0 (0.7, 1.2) 4.3 (3.7, 4.8) 15.6 (14.6, 16.5)
Timor Leste, 2016 42.4 (40.2, 44.5) 2.4 (0.2, 0.3) 2.9 (2.1, 3.6) 10.2 (8.8, 11.5)
Overall 56.8 (56.1, 57.5) 0.8 (0.7, 0.9) 2.6 (2.4, 2.8) 11.3 (10.9, 11.8)
Country, year Father Mother Under-5 child mortality
1–10 cigarettes/day 11–20 cigarettes/day > 20 cigarettes/day 1–10 cigarettes/day > 10 cigarettes/day
Cambodia, 2014 17.9 (16.5, 19.2) 19.4 (17.9, 20.8) 3.2 (2.5, 3.8) 2.6 (2.0, 3.1) 0.5 (0.2, 0.7) 11.1 (9.9, 12.2)
Indonesia, 2017 22.2 (21.3, 23.0) 40 (38.9, 41.0) 9.6 (8.9, 10.2) 1.7 (1.4, 1.9) 0.3 (0.18, 0.4) 8.9 (8.3, 9.4)
Lao PDR, 2017 33.1 (31.8, 34.3) 19.6 (18.5, 20.6) 1.5 (1.1, 1.8) 4.9 (4.3, 5.4) 0.4 (0.2, 0.5) 15.6 (14.6, 16.5)
Timor Leste, 2016 27.7 (25.7, 29.6) 11.3 (9.9, 12.6) 6.4 (5.3, 7.4) 4.8 (3.8, 5.7) 0.6 (0.2, 0.9) 10.2 (8.8, 11.5)
Overall 32.1 (31.4, 32.8) 35.9 (35.2, 36.6) 7.7 (7.3, 8.1) 4.0 (3.7, 4.3) 0.5 (0.4, 0.6) 11.3 (10.9, 11.8)
Country, year Father Mother Under-5 child mortality
Some days Every day Some days Every day
Cambodia, 2014 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 11.1 (9.9, 12.2)
Indonesia, 2017 8.8 (7.7, 9.8) 63.1 (60.9, 65.2) 1.1 (0.8, 1.3) 0.8 (6.1, 9.8) 8.9 (8.3, 9.4)
Lao PDR, 2017 6.2 (5.6, 6.7) 48.0 (46.2, 49.7) 0.7 (0.3, 1.0) 4.4 (3.8, 4.9) 15.6 (14.6, 16.5)
Timor Leste, 2016 19.7 (18.6, 20.7) 25.7 (24.7, 26.6) 3.5 (2.8, 4.1) 1.8 (1.2, 2.3) 10.2 (8.8, 11.5)
Overall 9.6 (9.2, 10.0) 53.3 (52.6, 54.0) 1.3 (1.1, 1.5) 2.2 (2.0, 2.4) 11.3 (10.9, 11.8)

Note: n.a. = not available.