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. 2019 Nov 21;16(23):4619. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16234619

Table 2.

Interactive associations of states’ male binge drinking rates and contraceptive access with any second-hand harm from others’ drinking 1.

Predictor Variables Full Sample Men Women
(N = 7792) (n = 3156) (n = 4636)
OR (95% CI) OR (95% CI) OR (95% CI)
Male 0.93 (0.80, 1.08) - -
Unmarried 1.36 (1.06, 1.74) * 1.71 (1.26, 2.31) *** 1.13 (0.87, 1.48)
Race/Ethnicity 2
 Black 1.06 (0.85, 1.31) 1.06 (0.70, 1.59) 1.03 (0.78, 1.37)
 Hispanic 0.87 (0.71, 1.05) 0.96 (0.62, 1.49) 0.74 (0.53, 1.03)
 Other/Missing 1.40 (0.99, 2.00) 1.69 (1.06, 2.69) * 1.21 (0.71, 2.07)
Less than College Degree 1.08 (0.86, 1.36) 1.20 (0.84, 1.69) 1.02 (0.74, 1.39)
Income 3
 Up to $20,000 1.75 (1.26, 2.43) ** 1.42 (0.90, 2.26) 2.05 (1.37, 3.08) ***
 $20,000–$60,000 1.41 (1.04, 1.93) * 1.28 (0.76, 2.15) 1.55 (1.06, 2.27) *
 $60,001–$100,000 1.11 (0.81, 1.52) 1.21 (0.75, 1.94) 0.96 (0.62, 1.48)
 Missing Income 0.99 (0.74, 1.33) 1.09 (0.62, 1.95) 0.90 (0.57, 1.41)
Age 0.98 (0.97, 0.98) *** 0.98 (0.97, 0.99) *** 0.97 (0.96, 0.98) ***
Drinking Status 4
 Drinker, Does not Exceed Guidelines 1.14 (0.90, 1.45) 0.96 (0.64, 1.44) 1.26 (0.92, 1.74)
 At-risk Drinker, Exceeds Guidelines 2.32 (1.89, 2.84) *** 2.14 (1.51, 3.03) 2.53 (1.86, 3.44) ***
State Median Income 1.06 (0.17, 6.65) 0.92 (0.05, 16.82) 1.97 (0.88, 1.17)
State Male Binge Drinking Rate 1.11 (1.01, 1.23) * 1.07 (0.93, 1.24) 1.12 (1.02, 1.22) *
State Female Binge Drinking Rate 1.02 (0.86, 1.22) 1.00 (0.79, 1.25) 1.01 (0.88, 1.17)
Contraceptive Access 5 0.90 (0.65, 1.24) 0.84 (0.49, 1.43) 0.99 (0.73, 1.32)
Male Binge * Contraceptive Access 6 0.92 (0.85, 0.99) * - 0.91 (0.85, 0.97) **
Constant 0.34 (0.12, 0.96) * 0.23 (0.03, 1.60) 0.29 (0.12, 0.69) **

Note: *** p < 0.001 ** p < 0.01 * p < 0.05 p < 0.10; 1 Harm from Others’ Drinking = Reported one or more of 8 second-hand harms in the past year; 2 Reference = White; 3 Reference = $100,001+; 4 Reference = Non-drinker; 5 Contraceptive access = The state offered or required insurance coverage of contraception and/or low-income access to family planning, versus neither; 6 Main effects model reported for men because interaction was not significant, p > 0.10.