Table 2.

Severe complications of intravenous glucocorticoid therapy in patients with Graves’ orbitopathy

Organ system	Report	Complication	Dose of methyl-prednisolone
Hepatic complications	Marino et al. [17]	Acute liver failure (7 out of 800 patients, including 3 lethal cases)	3.0–24.0 g
	Weissel and Hauff [18]	Acute liver failure (lethal, 1 patient)	15.0 g
	Salvi et al. [19]	Acute liver failure (1 patient)	5.5 g
Cardiovascular complications	Owecki et al. [20]	Severe hypertension leading to myocardial infarction (1 patient)	5.0 g
	Gursoy et al. [21]	Severe hypertension leading to acute hear failure without myocardial infarction (1 patient)	2.0 g
	Lendorf et al. [22]	Myocardial infarction (1 out of 49 patients) Angina pectoris (2 out of 49 patients) Ischemic stroke (lethal, 1 out of 49 patients) Pulmonary embolism (lethal, 1 out of 49 patients)	2.0–5.0 g