Table 3.
Predictors of the Preference for Participation (API: 0–100)11 (Univariate and Multivariate Analyses)
| Univariate Analyses | Multivariate Analysis† | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | β | 95%-CI | p-value | f | β | 95%-CI | p-Value |
| (Absolute term) | NA | NA | NA | NA | 69.5 | [57.8;81.2] | <0.001 |
| Online group | 18.0 | [15.3;20.7] | <0.001 | 0.33 | 6.24 | [3.11;9.36] | <0.001 |
| Outpatient group | −11.5 | [−13.9;-9.1] | <0.001 | 0.24 | - | - | - |
| Age | −0.56 | [−0.64;-0.47] | <0.001 | 0.34 | −0.22 | [−0.33;-0.11] | <0.001 |
| Women | 8.60 | [5.52;11.7] | <0.001 | 0.14 | 3.79 | [0.46;7.11] | 0.026 |
| High household income | 9.46 | [6.70;12.2] | <0.001 | 0.17 | 4.26 | [1.46;7.05] | 0.003 |
| Education | 7.71 | [5.91;9.52] | <0.001 | 0.21 | - | - | - |
| Working | 9.59 | [7.14;12.0] | <0.001 | 0.20 | - | - | - |
| Old-age pension | −15.6 | [−18.4;-12.7] | <0.001 | 0.27 | −6.38 | [−10.2;-2.57] | 0.001 |
| Blue-collar worker | −12.9 | [−16.5;-9.35] | <0.001 | 0.18 | −6.49 | [−10.3;-2.65] | <0.001 |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | −8.11 | [−10.6;-5.63] | <0.001 | 0.16 | - | - | - |
| Spondyloarthritis | 4.16 | [1.45;6.87] | 0.003 | 0.07 | - | - | - |
| Sjögren’s syndrome | 11.7 | [7.37;16.1] | <0.001 | 0.13 | - | - | - |
| Confidence in rheumatologist (1–5) | −6.85 | [−7.98;-5.73] | <0.001 | 0.30 | −4.44 | [−5.69;-3.19] | <0.001 |
| Fatigue (0–10)* | 1.44 | [0.94;1.93] | <0.001 | 0.14 | |||
| Depression (PHQ-8: 0–24) | 0.73 | [0.49;0.97] | <0.001 | 0.23 | – | – | – |
| AIMS2-SF affect (0–10)* | 1.66 | [1.06;2.27] | <0.001 | 0.14 | |||
| AIMS2-SF social interaction (0–10)* | 1.63 | [0.91;2.36] | <0.001 | 0.11 | |||
| Preference for information (API: 0–100) | −0.18 | [−0.29;-0.06] | 0.002 | 0.07 | – | – | – |
| HELP comprehension of information (1–5) | −3.02 | [−4.30;-1.74] | <0.001 | 0.11 | −2.82 | [−4.18;-1.46] | <0.001 |
| HELP communicative competence (1–5)* | 3.42 | [2.17;4.67] | <0.001 | 0.14 | |||
| BIPQ consequences (0–10)* | 0.93 | [0.45;1.41] | <0.001 | 0.10 | |||
| BIPQ treatment control (0–10) | −1.00 | [−1.50;-0.51] | <0.001 | 0.10 | – | – | – |
| Membership in self-help group | 7.42 | [4.98;9.86] | <0.001 | 0.15 | 3.22 | [0.65;5.80] | 0.014 |
Notes: Univariate predictors significant at the 0.05-level; *Excluded from multivariate analysis due to multicollinearity; †Corrected R2 = 0.210, condition index = 27.72, n = 1.245; ß = regression coefficient; 95% CI = two-sided 95% confidence interval for ß.
Abbreviations: N.A., not applicable; API, Autonomy Preference Index11; AIMS2-SF, Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales 2 Short Form38; PHQ-8, Patient Health Questionnaire41; HELP, Health Education Literacy of Patients with chronic musculoskeletal diseases40; BIPQ, Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire.39