Table 3.

Comparison between average prenatal effect estimates and average postnatal effect estimates for the association between ambient temperature and newborn telomere length (TL).

Model	$n$	Percent difference (95% CI)
		Heat effect	Cold effect
Cord blood
Prenatal model	1,103	$-1.49$ ($-2.07$, $-0.90$)	0.37 (0.23, 0.51)
Postnatal model	1,103	0.13 ($-0.55$, 0.81)	0.04 ($-0.08$, 0.16)
Placenta
Prenatal model	1,103	$-0.84$ ($-2.77$, 1.13)	0.76 (0.47, 1.06)
Postnatal model	1,103	$-0.09$ ($-2.14$, 1.99)	0.45 (0.18, 0.73)

Note: Estimates are averaged week-specific estimates over the entire prenatal period (36 wk after conception) and postnatal period (36 wk after delivery). Estimates provided as a percent difference [95% confidence interval (CI)] in TL for a 1°C increase in ambient temperature above the heat threshold (19.5°C for cord blood and 21.5°C for placenta) for associations with heat and a 1°C decrease in ambient temperature below the cold threshold (5.0°C for cord blood and 2.5°C for placenta) for associations with cold. Models were adjusted for date of delivery, gestational age, maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI), maternal age, paternal age, newborn sex, newborn ethnicity, season of birth, parity, maternal smoking status, maternal education, pregnancy complications, maternal particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter $\le 2.5\mathrm{\mu }\mathrm{m}$ (${\mathrm{PM}}_{2.5}$) exposure, and batch.