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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Dec 10.
Published in final edited form as: J Control Release. 2019 Oct 31;315:139–149. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.10.027

Figure 6. GDNF-macrophages reduce neuro-inflammation in Parkin Q311X(A) mice.

Figure 6.

Transgenic mice (4 mo. old) were i.v. injected with saline (A, F), or GDNF-macrophages (B, G), or sham-transfected macrophages (C, H) (2x106 cells/100 μL/mouse, once a week, 3x weeks). WT mice were systemically injected with saline (D, J). Animals were sacrificed at mo. 16, and brain slides were stained with Mac1 (A – D), a marker for activated microglia; or Ab to GFAP (F – J), a marker for activated astrocytes. Insets on the right lower corner are higher-power view of the SNpc area. The obtained bright field (A – D) and confocal (F – J) images, and quantification of activated microglial cells (E) and activated astrocytes (K) determined as the function of the positive area by ImageJ software for mean Fluorescent Intensity (MFI) and % Area of fluorescence, indicate significant decreases neuroinflammation in the brain of PD mice upon GDNF-macrophages treatment (B, G) compared to PD mice treated with saline (A, F). The administration of sham-transfected macrophages (C, H) did not affect the number of activated microglial cells and activated astrocytes in PD mice. Values are means ± SEM (N = 6), and *p < 0.05. The bar: 100 μm. For detailed statistical comparisons, see Supplementary Tables S10 – S13.