Table 2. HRs (95% CI) of mortality outcomes according to dipstick proteinuria categories.
| Proteinuria (dipstick) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| negative/trace | 1+ | 2+ | ≥3+ | P for trend | |
| (n = 48) | (n = 137) | (n = 430) | (n = 765) | (n = 1380) | |
| All-cause mortality (352 deaths) | 26 deaths | 44 deaths | 119 deaths | 163 deaths | |
| Model 1 | 3.86 (2.55–5.85) ** | 1.62 (1.16–2.26) ** | 1.35 (1.07–1.71) * | ref | <0.001 |
| Model 2 | 3.07 (2.02–4.65) ** | 1.37 (0.98–1.92) | 1.25 (0.98–1.58) | ref | <0.001 |
| Model 3 | 2.84 (1.86–4.33) ** | 1.32 (0.93–1.86) | 1.27 (1.00–1.61) | ref | <0.001 |
| Model 4 | 2.60 (1.62–4.17) ** | 1.35 (0.95–1.93) | 1.25 (0.97–1.62) | ref | <0.001 |
| CVD mortality (129 deaths) | 11 deaths | 17 deaths | 41 deaths | 60 deaths | |
| Model 1 | 4.47 (2.35–8.52) ** | 1.71 (0.99–2.92) | 1.27 (0.85–1.89) | ref | <0.001 |
| Model 2 | 3.76 (1.97–7.19) ** | 1.52 (0.89–2.62) | 1.20 (0.81–1.79) | ref | 0.001 |
| Model 3 | 3.23 (1.67–6.25) ** | 1.56 (0.89–2.73) | 1.30 (0.86–1.94) | ref | 0.001 |
| Model 4 | 2.44 (1.13–5.26) * | 1.42 (0.80–2.54) | 1.17 (0.76–1.80) | ref | 0.03 |
| non-CVD mortality (223 deaths) | 15 deaths | 27 deaths | 78 deaths | 103 deaths | |
| Model 1 | 3.51 (2.04–6.04) ** | 1.57 (1.02–2.39) * | 1.40 (1.04–1.88) * | ref | <0.001 |
| Model 2 | 2.70 (1.57–4.66) ** | 1.29 (0.84–1.97) | 1.27 (0.95–1.71) | ref | 0.002 |
| Model 3 | 2.63 (1.51–4.56) ** | 1.22 (0.79–1.89) | 1.25 (0.93–1.69) | ref | 0.005 |
| Model 4 | 2.67 (1.45–4.92) ** | 1.36 (0.86–2.13) | 1.31 (0.95–1.81) | ref | 0.004 |
Model1; unadjusted, Model2; adjusted for age, gender, Model3; Model2+ diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, heart failure, stroke, Model4; Model3+ systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, eGFR, serum albumin, hemoglobin, white blood cell, diuretics, angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blockers
* P < 0.05
** P < 0.01