Table 6.

Estimates of fixed effects, random effects, and goodness of fit for growth models using SES and book and non-book growth estimates to predict child school language, literacy and math outcomes. Coefficients are presented outside the brackets, and standard errors are presented inside the brackets.

	Model 1	Model 2
Fixed Effects
Decoding
Intercept	100.602***	100.594***
SES	−.515	−.506
Parent book intercept	−.003	−.006
Parent non-book intercept	−.001	−.001
Child book intercept		.025
Child non-book intercept		−.001
Comprehension
Intercept	97.509***	97.572***
SES	3.319***	3.235***
Parent book intercept	.016*	.016*
Parent non-book intercept	−.003	−.005
Child book intercept		−.024
Child non-book intercept		.017*
Vocabulary
Intercept	113.467***	113.486***
SES	5.576*	5.587*
Parent book intercept	.036*	.047*
Parent non-book intercept	.007	.004
Child book intercept		−.017*
Child non-book intercept		.036*
Math word problems
Intercept	112.913***	113.414***
SES	6.708**	7.111**
Parent book intercept	.032*	.046*
Parent non-book intercept	.008	.002
Child book intercept		−.234
Child non-book intercept		.059*
Internal motivation
Intercept	78.05***	78.08***
SES	−2.581	−2.590
Parent book intercept	.069**	.081**
Parent non-book intercept	−.003	−.005
Child book intercept		−.156
Child non-book intercept		.024
Level 2
Decoding	1.381 (1.175)	1.345 (1.159)
Comprehension	23.203 (4.817)***	21.059 (4.589)***
Vocabulary	148.926 (12.204)***	138.584 (11.772)***
Math word problems	264.004 (16.247)***	239.536 (15.479)***
Internal motivation	407.642 (20.190)***	418.222 (20.450)***
Goodness of fit −2 log likelihood	1632.971 (16)	1672.368 (16)

Note.SES = socioeconomic status.

^~p < .10.

^*p < .05.

^**p < .01.

^***p < .001