Table 2.

Association between education level, gender, age and poor SRH, progressively adjusted for chronic diseases, functional limitations, depression symptoms, and interaction between depression symptoms, chronic diseases and functional limitations

	Wave 4—2011				Wave 6—2015
	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3	Model 4	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3	Model 4
	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)
Education (Ref.: tertiary)
Secondary	1.759*	1.646	1.374	1.384	1.621*	1.355	1.128	1.097
	(1.005–3.081)	(0.947–2.859)	(0.743–2.541)	(0.737–2.598)	(1.013–2.595)	(0.831–2.210)	(0.681–1.868)	(0.662–1.819)
Primary	3.408***	2.427**	1.980*	1.959*	3.005***	1.953**	1.506	1.437
	(1.957–5.934)	(1.404–4.193)	(1.076–3.644)	(1.047–3.664)	(1.882–4.798)	(1.187–3.213)	(0.902–2.515)	(0.862–2.397)
No education	6.080***	3.500***	2.553**	2.522**	4.179***	2.461**	1.730	1.649
	(3.366–10.982)	(1.900–6.448)	(1.304–4.997)	(1.273–4.995)	(2.567–6.801)	(1.426–4.248)	(0.970–3.087)	(0.922–2.951)
Gender (Ref.: male)
Female	1.564***	1.284*	0.827	0.833	1.469**	1.121	0.745*	0.747*
	(1.311–1.865)	(1.056–1.561)	(0.667–1.027)	(0.672–1.033)	(1.173–1.840)	(0.870–1.444)	(0.570–0.973)	(0.573–0.974)
Age (Ref.: 50–64)
65–79	2.043***	1.240	1.292*	1.250	1.504***	0.858	0.854	0.858
	(1.662–2.511)	(0.988–1.557)	(1.024–1.631)	(0.991–1.576)	(1.135–1.992)	(0.630–1.169)	(0.611–1.195)	(0.613–1.196)
80 and over	3.626***	1.407*	1.275	1.240	2.835***	1.187**	1.098	1.187
	(2.802–4.693)	(1.026–1.930)	(0.914–1.779)	(0.891–1.724)	(2.052–3.915)	(0.818–1.723)	(0.741–1.628)	(0.751–1.639)
Country (Ref.: Spain)
Italy	0.943	1.100	1.118	1.113	0.726***	0.807*	0.641**	0.639**
	(0.783–1.135)	(0.895–1.352)	(0.903–1.382)	(0.901–1.374)	(0.577–0.914)	(0.626–1.041)	(0.487–0.843)	(0.486–0.840)
Portugal	1.437*	1.496*	1.414	1.387	1.259	0.777	0.614*	0.638*
	(1.053–1.960)	(1.029–2.175)	(0.965–2.073)	(0.947–2.032)	(0.910–1.742)	(0.546–1.106)	(0.420–0.896)	(0.441–0.924)
Chronic disease		1.832***	1.660***	2.013***		1.772***	1.607***	1.939***
		(1.717–1.956)	(1.552–1.776)	(1.786–2.269)		(1.661–1.891)	(1.496–1.725)	(1.708–2.202)
Functional limitations		1.663***	1.486***	1.457***		1.783***	1.553***	1.407***
		(1.530–1.808)	(1.367–1.615)	(1.232–1.723)		(1.616–1.967)	(1.413–1.706)	(1.125–1.759)
Depression symptoms			1.379***	1.535***			1.384***	1.519***
			(1.325–1.434)	(1.433–1.644)			(1.330–1.440)	(1.410–1.636)
Interaction (depression symptoms × chronic disease)				0.959***				0.963***
				(0.938–0.980)				(0.943–0.983)
Interaction (depression symptoms × functional limitations)				1.005				1.017
				(0.977–1.034)				(0.980–1.055)

P-values: *0.05, **0.01, ***0.001; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.