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. 2019 Dec 23;9:19703. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-56145-z

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Pao extract inhibits cell proliferation and induces cell cycle arrest in human prostate RWPE-1 cells. (a) RWPE-1 cells were treated with Pao extract with the indicated concentrations for 48 h and the cytotoxicity was evaluated by the MTT assay. (b) RWPE-1 cells were treated with 500 μg/ml Pao extract for 0, 2, 4, and 6 days and evaluated by the MTT assay. (c) Flow cytometry analysis of RWPE-1 cells treated with vehicle and Pao extract with the indicated concentrations. (d) Quantification of percentage of each cell cycle in vehicle, 250 and 500 μg/ml of Pao extract. (e) Western blotting assay of RWPE-1 cells treated with Pao extract. Actin was used as a loading control. (f) The semi-quantitative analysis of Western blotting data in (e) by densitometry using Image J software. The values were presented as the mean ± SD of three independent experiments. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001.