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. 2019 Dec 23;9:19686. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-56215-2

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Evolution of diffusivities (left column) and kurtosis parameters (right column) after each injury/surgical intervention. Changes in parameters at 1 and 2 weeks are influenced by inflammation/edema, while changes at weeks 4 and 12 are indicative of de/regeneration. RD values decreased in a similar fashion after surgery in crush and sham nerves, while a slower and less substantial decrease in RD was observed in cut/repair nerves. In contrast, AD differed across all three cohorts, but were similar in crush and cut/repair nerves after four weeks. Finally, the kurtosis parameters exhibited a similar, but inverse, trend relative to each diffusion parameter. Significant differences at each timepoint are indicated as follows: cut/repair vs. sham = blue asterisk, crush vs. sham = red asterisk, cut/repair vs. crush = blue hashtag.