Table 3.

Factors associated with HIV-RNA >40 copies/mL (N=93)

	Univariate	p value	Multivariate	p value
	OR (95%CI)		aOR (95%CI)
Female	1.26 (0.42–3.77)	0.67
Ethnicity		0.89
Thai	0.92 (0.18–4.8)
Vietnamese	0.57 (0.04–7.74)
Malay or Chinese	ref
Age, years		0.50
<17	ref
17–21	0.52 (0.04–6.25)
≥21	0.29 (0.02–3.92)
Time since transition, months		0.08		0.02
<8 months	0.38 (0.13–1.11)		0.098 (0.011–0.849)
≥8 months	ref		ref
Living situation		0.30
Relatives	ref
Biological parents	3.18 (0.86–11.83)
Partner or friend	4.38 (0.78–24.66)
Orphanage/care home/shelter	0.97 (0.10–9.80)
Alone	2.19 (0.19–24.68)
Monthly income		0.43
<5,000 Thai Baht (<161 US Dollars)	1.44 (0.31–6.62)
>5,000 Thai Baht (>161 US Dollars)	ref
Not working or no answer	0.60 (0.17–2.08)
Relationship status		0.09		0.01
Single	ref		ref
≥1 partner or married	0.28 (0.07–1.08)		0.037 (0.003–0.543)
No answer	1.58 (0.26–9.75)		0.263 (0.011–6.455)
Alcohol use, yes	2.05 (0.66–6.38)	0.20
Cigarette smoking, yes	1.04 (0.26–4.14)	0.96
VAS		0.01		0.049
<95%	ref		ref
≥95%	0.24 (0.08–0.76)		0.147 (0.018–1.174)
CD4 cell count/mm3		0.002		<0.001
<600	ref		ref
≥600	0.16 (0.04–0.59)		0.02 (0.001–0.296)
I have someone I trust to talk with about my problems*		0.01		0.29
Never (n=11)	ref		ref
Rarely/sometimes (n=42)	0.17 (0.04–0.70)		0.95 (0.07–12.35)
Usually/always (n=39)	0.10 (0.02–0.46)		0.26 (0.01–5.82)
I can handle whatever comes my way*		0.09		0.81
Never (n=3)	ref		Ref
Rarely/sometimes (n=52)	0.20 (0.03–1.15)		0.17 (0.01–5.61)
Usually/always (n=35)	0.11 (0.01–0.79)		0.06 (0.001–3.87)
I can solve most problems if I try hard enough*		0.06		0.11
Never (n=4)	ref		Ref
Rarely/sometimes (n=48)	0.30 (0.04–2.36)		0.46 (0.003–64.88)
Usually/always (n=39)	0.08 (0.01–0.82)		0.12 (0.001–19.54)

VAS-visual analogue scale

^*Responses included in the analysis excluded the remainder of the individuals who chose “rather not answer.”