Table 2 –
Multivariable Cox Regression Models‡
| Full Model | Immortal Model* | Staging Model† | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | p-value | HR (95% CI) | p-value | HR (95% CI) | p-value | |
| Treatment (ref = LT) | ||||||
| Resection | 5.42(4.15–7.08) | <0.001 | 6.18(4.80–7.97) | <0.001 | 4.54(2.80–7.36) | <0.001 |
| Ablation | 5.50(4.51–6.71) | <0.001 | 5.79(5.27–6.37) | <0.001 | 4.88(3.44–6.92) | <0.001 |
| Age (per 5 years) | 1.12(1.04–1.20) | 0.002 | 1.11(1.09–1.12) | <0.001 | . | . |
| AST (per 10) | 1.02(1.00–1.03) | 0.011 | 1.02(1.01–1.02) | <0.001 | . | . |
| ALT(per 10) | 0.97(0.95–0.99) | 0.001 | 0.97(0.97–0.97) | <0.001 | . | . |
| Alk phos (per 10) | 1.02(1.01–1.03) | <0.001 | 1.02(1.02–1.02) | <0.001 | . | . |
| Albumin | 0.75(0.66–0.84) | <0.001 | 0.75(0.70–0.80) | <0.001 | 0.73(0.59–0.91) | 0.005 |
| Platelets (per 10) | 0.98(0.97–0.99) | 0.001 | 0.98(0.98–0.98) | <0.001 | 0.97(0.95–0.99) | 0.014 |
| AFP(ref<50ng/mL)§ | ||||||
| 50–100 | 1.35(1.06–1.72) | 0.015 | 1.23(1.13–1.35) | <0.001 | . | . |
| 101–499 | 2.30(1.77–2.99) | <0.001 | 2.15(1.97–2.34) | <0.001 | . | . |
| ≥500 | 2.54(1.73–3.73) | <0.001 | 2.51(2.05–3.06) | <0.001 | . | . |
| Decompensation | 1.57(1.31–1.89) | <0.001 | 1.54(1.49–1.60) | <0.001 | . | . |
LT = liver transplantation; AST = aspartate aminotransferase; ALT = alanine aminotransferase; Alk Phos = alkaline phosphatase; AFP = alpha fetoprotein
*
Model adjusts for time-varying exposure status
†
Model restricted to patients with BCLC staging data (N = 432), and specifically those with BCLC stage 0, A, or B (n = 414)
‡
The following variables were evaluated but not retained in final models: sex, race, body mass index, hazardous alcohol use, model for end-stage liver disease score, etiology of liver disease, coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure, cerebrovascular accident, atrial fibrillation, pulmonary embolism, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension
§
Treated as a continuously time-varying exposure