| CHS | chalcone synthase |
| CHI | chalcone isomerase |
| F3H | flavanone 3-hydroxylase |
| DFR | dihydroflavonol 4-reductase |
| ANS | anthocyanidin synthase |
| UFGT | UDP-glycose: flavonoid 3-O-glycosyltransferase |
| UVR8 | UV RESISTANCE LOCUS 8 |
| COP1 | E3 ubiquitin ligase CONSTITUTIVELY PHOTOMORPHOGENIC1 |
| HY5 | bZIP transcription factor ELONGATED HYPOGOTYL5 |
| MBW | MYB-bHLH-WD40 |
| MAPKs | mitogen-activated protein kinases |
| DPI | diphenyleneiodonium chloride |
| PVPP | polyvinylpolypyrrolidone |
| BSA | bovine serum albumin |
| DTT | dithiothreitol |
| HPLC | high-performance liquid chromatography |
| qRT-PCR | quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction |
| UV-B | ultraviolet-B |
| ROS | reactive oxygen species |
| VS | visible sight |