Cer	ceramide
SM	sphingomyelin
dhCer	dihydroceramide
S1P	sphingosine-1-phosphate
Sph	sphingosine
C1P	ceramide-1-phosphate
SLs	sphingolipids
GSLs	glycosphingolipids
CerS	ceramide synthase
DEGS	dihydroceramide desaturase
GalCer	galactosylceramides
GlcCer	glucosylceramides
SMase	sphingomyelinase (): lysosomal SMase (); SMase
ASMase	acid sphingomyelinase
NSMase	neutral sphingomyelinase
CDase	ceramidase
(F)FA	(free) fatty acid
ER	endoplasmic reticulum
TLC	thin layer chromatography
HPLC	liquid chromatography
HPTLC	high performance thin layer chromatography
LC-ESIMS/MS	liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry
LC-NMR	liquid chromatography-nuclear magnetic resonance
CE-MS	capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry
IL-6	interleuchine-6
TNF-α	tumor necrosis factor-alpha
SPT	serine-palmitoyl transferase
TLR-4	toll-like receptor 4
LPS	lipopolysaccharides
NF-κB	nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells
JNK	c-Jun N-terminal kinases
SOCS	suppressor of Cytokine Signaling
SMPD	sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase
HFD	high fat diet
NAFLD	non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
T2DM	type 2 diabetes mellitus
HOMA-IR	homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance
AST	aspartate Aminotransferase
ALT	alanine aminotransferase
LPC	lysophosphatidylcholine
SphK	sphingosine kinase
LacCer	lactosylceramide
dhSM	dihydrosphingomyelin
IR	ischemia-reperfusion
HIF1-α	hypoxia inducible factor 1-α