Table 2.
In vitro antimicrobial activity and toxicity against mammalian cells of Cec-analogs.
| Peptide (aa) | Source | Modification | Antimicrobial Activity | Peptide Conc. (μM) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Virus | Bacteria | Fungi | Protozoa | Cytotox. | Hem Act. | |||
| SB-37 (38) [92] | H. cecropia Cec B | aa add./sub. | - | - | - | P. falciparum, T. cruzi | - | - |
| Shiva-1 (38) [46,92] | H. cecropia Cec B | aa add./sub. | - | G+, G− | NA | P. falciparum, T. cruzi | - | - |
| D-Cec B (35) [93] | A. pernyi Cec B | D-enantiomer | - | - | A | - | - | - |
| CecDH (32) [49] | A. pernyi Cec B | aa del. | - | G+, G− | - | - | 25 | 100 |
| ΔM1 (39) [55] | G melonella Cec D | N-term aa sub. | - | Sa (weak), Ec, Pa | - | - | - | 115 |
| ΔM2 (39) [55] | G melonella Cec D | N-term aa sub. | - | Sa, Ec, Pa | - | - | - | ~60 |
| Mdc–hly (?) [34] | M. domestica Mdc; human Lysozyme | Hybrid | - | G+, G− | - | - | - | - |
| CAMs (≤26) [94,95,96,97,98] | H. cecropia Cec A; A. mellifera Mellitin | Hybrids | - | G+, G− | A | Plasmodium | 9 [96] | [98] |
| Ac-CAMs (15) [99] | H. cecropia Cec A; A. mellifera Mellitin | N-term fatty acid acylation | - | Sa, Ec, Ab | - | L. pifanoi | - | - |
| CAM-W (26) [98] | H. cecropia Cec A; A. mellifera Mellitin | aa sub. | - | G+, G− | A | - | - | 3.12 |
| CA-MAs (≤20) [100,101,102,103,104,105] | H-cecropia Cec A; X. laevis Magainin 2 | Hybrids with aa sub. | virus–cell fusion inhibition | G+, G− | A | - | [105] | [105] |
| CA-LL37 (22) [106] | H-cecropia Cec A; human LL37 | Hybrid | - | G+, G− | - | - | - | [106] |
| CecXJ-37C (37) [107] | B. mori Cec B | C-term aa add. | - | G+, G− | - | - | 20 | 19 |
| CecXJ-37N (37) [107] | B. mori Cec B | C-term aa add. | - | G+, G− | - | - | 20 | 33 |
Peptide conc. (µM): Peptide concentration showing no or weak toxicity in mammalian cells; Cytotox.: Cytotoxicity; Hem act.: Hemolytic activity; sub.: Substitution; add.: Addition; del: Deletion; G+ Gram-positive bacteria; G−: Gram-negative bacteria; Sa: S. aureus; Ec: E. coli; Pa: P. aeruginosa; Ab: A. baumannii; A: Active against tested species; NA: Not active against the tested species; -: Not determined; (?): Not reported.