MIS	Minimally Invasive Surgery
HALS	Hand-Assisted Laparoscopic Surgery
HMM	Hidden Markov Model
SILS	Single-Incision Laparoscopic Surgery
HMI	Human–Machine Interface
HGR	Hand Gesture Recognition
CRF	Conditional Random Field
DTW	Dynamic Time Warping
GMM	Gaussian Mixture Model
RL	Reinforcement Learning
CI	Confidence Index