Figure 3.

Improved tolerance to Cu stress induced by Oryza sativa L. multiple stress-responsive gene 3 (OsMSR3) expression. (A) Images of representative plants grown on half-strength Murashige and Skoog (½ MS) medium with or without 50 μM copper chloride (CuCl₂) for 21 days. (B) Effect of Cu treatment on root length of plants presented in panel A. (C) Fresh weight (FW) and (D) dry weight (DW) of wild-type and transgenic line plants treated with or without 50 μM CuCl₂ for 21 days. (E) Relative water content (RWC) of wild-type and transgenic plants treated with or without 50 μM CuCl₂ for 21 days. Values are means ± standard deviation (SD) of three independent biological replicates; * p < 0.05 and ** p < 0.01 indicate significant differences from the wild-type determined using Student’s t-test.