Table 10.
Pre- and post-examination coping strategies in 1st and 2nd year medical and engineering students
| Coping | Medical 1st year, mean (SD) |
Medical 2nd year, mean (SD) |
Engineering 1st year, mean (SD) |
Engineering 2nd year, mean (SD) |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre | Post | t, P | Pre | Post | t, P | Pre | Post | t, P | Pre | Post | t, P | |
| Self-distraction | 4.77 (1.68) | 4.93 (1.50) | 0.65, 0.514 | 4.62 (1.06) | 4.26 (1.33) | 1.38, 0.17 | 5.02 (1.51) | 4.22 (1.26) | 2.82, 0.00 S | 4.98 (1.07) | 4.60 (1.30) | 1.664, 0.10 |
| Active coping | 5.7 (1.50) | 5.55 (1.45) | 1.34, 0.185 | 4.94 (1.20) | 5.16 (1.34) | 0.98, 0.33 | 5.06 (1.70) | 5.38 (1.24) | 1.21, 0.22 | 6.00 (1.44) | 5.82 (1.61) | 0.560, 0.57 |
| Denial | 4.48 (1.86) | 4.81 (1.53) | 1.19, 0.237 | 3.94 (1.44) | 3.94 (1.46) | 0.00, 1.00 | 3.24 (1.27) | 3.98 (1.31) | 4.26, 0.00 (S) | 4.10 (1.19) | 4.20 (1.44) | 0.415, 0.68 |
| Substance use | 2.97 (1.73) | 4.61 (1.49) | 5.11, 0.00 (S) | 2.56 (0.97) | 2.14 (0.49) | 2.72, 0.00 (S) | 2.54 (1.14) | 2.36 (1.12) | 1.70, 0.09 | 2.060 (0.61) | 2.24 (0.89) | 1.102, 0.27 |
| Emotional support | 4.93 (1.58) | 4.87 (1.58) | 0.24, 0.810 | 4.74 (1.57) | 4.76 (1.27) | 0.06, 0.94 | 5.56 (1.73) | 4.44 (1.24) | 4.07, 0.00 (S) | 5.00 (1.44) | 4.48 (1.38) | 2.156, 0.03 (S) |
| Instrumental support | 4.81 (1.88) | 4.530 (1.93) | 0.96, 0.339 | 4.94 (1.42) | 4.80 (1.32) | 0.65, 0.51 | 5.42 (1.59) | 4.56 (1.57) | 3.40, 0.00 (S) | 5.18 (1.39) | 4.96 (1.53) | 1.278, 0.20 |
| Behavioral disengagement | 4.28 (1.87) | 4.36 (1.53) | 0.32, 0.746 | 3.84 (1.36) | 3.74 (1.12) | 0.42, 0.67 | 3.62 (1.22) | 3.88 (1.09) | 1.21, 0.22 | 4.20 (1.30) | 4.56 (1.48) | 1.487, 0.14 |
| Venting | 4.40 (1.54) | 5.48 (1.45) | 3.75, 0.00 (S) | 4.76 (1.13) | 4.34 (1.31) | 1.82, 0.07 | 4.14 (1.97) | 4.42 (1.69) | 0.85, 0.39 | 4.48 (1.24) | 3.76 (1.17) | 3.982, 0.00 S |
| Positive reframing | 5.12 (1.62) | 4.75 (1.46) | 1.86, 0.069 | 4.90 (1.51) | 4.64 (1.77) | 0.79, 0.43 | 4.86 (1.56) | 5.38 (1.66) | 2.18, 0.03 (S) | 5.48 (1.51) | 6.14 (1.39) | 2.622, 0.01 (S) |
| Planning | 5.26 (1.87) | 4.81 (1.66) | 2.22, 0.03 (S) | 5.14 (1.45) | 4.78 (1.50) | 1.085, 0.28 | 5.16 (1.40) | 5.24 (1.50) | 0.34, 0.73 | 5.26 (1.33) | 5.50 (1.58) | 0.960, 0.34 |
| Humor | 3.71 (1.83) | 4.28 (2.07) | 1.85, 0.070 | 4.04 (1.66) | 3.52 (1.14) | 1.93, 0.05 (S) | 3.90 (1.72) | 3.68 (1.43) | 0.85, 0.39 | 4.60 (1.30) | 4.62 (1.38) | 0.085, 0.93 |
| Acceptance | 5.71 (1.80) | 4.63 (1.57) | 3.89, 0.00 (S) | 5.52 (1.63) | 4.52 (1.43) | 3.59, 0.00 (S) | 4.10 (1.96) | 5.02 (1.65) | 2.92, 0.00 (S) | 5.28 (1.62) | 5.38 (1.67) | 0.386, 0.70 |
| Religion | 4.16 (1.37) | 4.28 (1.39) | 0.64, 0.523 | 4.44 (1.59) | 4.18 (1.71) | 0.83, 0.41 | 4.78 (1.48) | 4.76 (1.33) | 0.07, 0.94 | 5.32 (1.92) | 5.28 (1.77) | 0.191, 0.85 |
| Self-blame | 4.71 (2.08) | 4.75 (2.00) | 0.15, 0.881 | 4.18 (1.69) | 3.92 (1.41) | 0.92, 0.36 | 3.88 (1.64) | 3.48 (1.31) | 1.31, 0.19 | 4.62 (1.44) | 4.08 (1.45) | 2.001, 0.05 (S) |
S – Significant; SD – Standard deviation