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. 2020 Jan 1;10(1):17–35. doi: 10.7150/thno.36930

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Macrophage MSR1 is essential for maintaining M2-like activation and promoting BMSC osteogenic differentiation. In the communication between macrophages and BMSCs, MSR1 plays a crucial role in maintaining M2-like polarization and facilitating BMSC osteogenic differentiation. MSR1-mediated activation of PI3K/AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin signaling promotes BMSC osteogenic differentiation. Notably, PGC1α is regulated by MSR1-mediated PI3K/AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin signaling in the macrophages. Increased PGC1α promotes oxidative phosphorylation by enhancing mitochondrial biogenesis to maintain M2-like activation in macrophages.