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. 2019 Dec 20;14:2971–2977. doi: 10.2147/COPD.S224902

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© 2019 Matsuo et al.

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Definition of the four novel FOT-based phenotypes in COPD patients. The vertical and horizontal dashed lines show the 3rd quartile value for R5 = 0.214 and X5 = −0.057, respectively, in the non-COPD smokers. Using these cut-off values, 164 COPD patients were divided into four phenotypes.

Abbreviations: NL, normal group; RD, resistance-dominant group; XD, reactance-dominant group; MIX, mixed group; FOT, forced oscillation technique; R5, respiratory system resistance at 5 Hz; X5, respiratory system reactance at 5 Hz.