Table 1.
Chemical compositions of Piper nigrum fruit volatile oils from the Aromatic Plant Research Center (APRC) collection.
| RI a | RI b | Compound | D170201A | FO170518Y | FO170518Z | Re180525F | DT162718 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 921 | 921 | Tricyclene | --- | --- | --- | --- | tr c |
| 924 | 924 | α-Thujene | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.9 | 0.6 |
| 932 | 932 | α-Pinene | 28.7 | 12.9 | 15.2 | 5.1 | 11.1 |
| 945 | 945 | α-Fenchene | --- | --- | --- | --- | tr |
| 954 | 946 | Camphene | 1.0 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.1 | 0.3 |
| 969 | 969 | Sabinene | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.7 | 6.9 | 13.9 |
| 974 | 974 | β-Pinene | 15.3 | 12.6 | 13.4 | 9.1 | 15.1 |
| 988 | 988 | Myrcene | 2.6 | 2.7 | 3.0 | 2.1 | 1.3 |
| 1002 | 1002 | α-Phellandrene | 2.2 | 2.5 | 3.4 | 2.3 | 0.6 |
| 1003 | 1003 | p-Mentha-1(7),8-diene | tr | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1008 | 1008 | δ-3-Carene | 9.0 | 11.7 | 12.8 | 11.7 | 10.4 |
| 1017 | 1014 | α-Terpinene | 0.1 | --- | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 |
| 1020 | 1020 | p-Cymene | 0.3 | 0.8 | 0.4 | 1.1 | 0.3 |
| 1022 | 1022 | o-Cymene | --- | 0.1 | --- | 0.1 | --- |
| 1025 | 1025 | β-Phellandrene | 0.2 | --- | --- | 1.4 | 0.9 |
| 1026 | 1026 | 1,8-Cineole | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.4 | --- | tr |
| 1029 | 1024 | Limonene | 19.5 | 18.2 | 18.2 | 17.4 | 15.1 |
| 1032 | 1032 | (Z)-β-Ocimene | tr | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1044 | 1044 | (E)-β-Ocimene | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| 1054 | 1054 | γ-Terpinene | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.1 |
| 1069 | 1065 | cis-Sabinene hydrate | --- | --- | --- | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| 1086 | 1086 | Terpinolene | 0.5 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.5 | 0.2 |
| 1095 | 1095 | Linalool | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.3 |
| 1100 | 1098 | trans-Sabinene hydrate | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.1 |
| 1135 | 1135 | trans-Pinocarveol | --- | --- | --- | --- | tr |
| 1140 | 1140 | cis-β-Terpineol | --- | 0.2 | --- | --- | --- |
| 1141 | 1141 | Camphor | 0.1 | 0.1 | tr | --- | --- |
| 1174 | 1174 | Terpinen-4-ol | 0.1 | --- | --- | 0.3 | 0.2 |
| 1186 | 1186 | α-Terpineol | 0.3 | --- | 0.2 | --- | 0.1 |
| 1328 | 1330 | Bicycloelemene | 0.1 | --- | --- | 0.1 | tr |
| 1335 | 1335 | δ-Elemene | 1.1 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 0.9 | 1.0 |
| 1348 | 1345 | α-Cubebene | tr | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.1 |
| 1369 | 1369 | Cyclosativene d | 0.2 | --- | --- | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| 1373 | 1373 | α-Ylangene | --- | 0.1 | 0.1 | --- | --- |
| 1374 | 1374 | Isoledene | --- | 0.2 | 0.2 | --- | --- |
| 1376 | 1374 | α-Copaene | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 3.1 | 2.0 |
| 1387 | 1387 | β-Cubebene | --- | --- | --- | 0.2 | 0.2 |
| 1389 | 1389 | β-Elemene | 1.0 | 1.8 | 1.4 | 1.1 | 0.2 |
| 1408 | 1408 | (Z)-β-Caryophyllene | --- | --- | --- | --- | tr |
| 1409 | 1408 | α-Gurjunene | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | tr |
| 1417 | 1417 | (E)-β-Caryophyllene | 8.7 | 18.3 | 15.2 | 25.6 | 21.6 |
| 1430 | 1430 | β-Copaene | --- | 0.1 | --- | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| 1436 | 1434 | γ-Elemene | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | --- | --- |
| 1437 | 1437 | α-Guaiene | 0.1 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.4 | tr |
| 1448 | 1448 | cis-Murrola-3,5-diene | --- | --- | --- | --- | tr |
| 1452 | 1452 | α-Humulene | 0.9 | 1.8 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 0.7 |
| 1461 | 1461 | cis-Cadina-1(6),4-diene | --- | --- | --- | --- | tr |
| 1475 | 1475 | trans-Cadina-1(6),4-diene | tr | 0.1 | 0.4 | --- | tr |
| 1484 | 1484 | Germacrene D | 2.0 | 2.5 | 3.0 | 0.2 | 0.1 |
| 1490 | 1489 | β-Selinene | 1.3 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.5 | 0.1 |
| 1493 | 1493 | trans-Muurola-4(14),5-diene | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.1 |
| 1496 | 1496 | Viridiflorene | --- | --- | --- | 0.1 | --- |
| 1498 | 1498 | α-Selinene | 1.0 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.3 | --- |
| 1500 | 1500 | α-Muurolene | --- | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.3 |
| 1500 | 1500 | Bicyclogermacrene | --- | --- | --- | --- | 0.3 |
| 1501 | 1501 | epi-Zonarene | 0.1 | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1505 | 1505 | β-Bisabolene | tr | 0.3 | --- | 0.1 | 0.7 |
| 1505 | 1505 | (E,E)-α-Farnesene | --- | --- | 0.1 | --- | --- |
| 1514 | 1514 | Cubebol | tr | --- | --- | 0.3 | 0.1 |
| 1518 | 1521 | α-Panasinsen | tr | 0.1 | 0.1 | --- | --- |
| 1521 | 1521 | trans-Calamenene | --- | --- | --- | tr | tr |
| 1523 | 1522 | δ-Cadinene | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.8 | 0.7 |
| 1533 | 1533 | trans-Cadina-1,4-diene | --- | --- | --- | --- | tr |
| 1548 | 1548 | α-Elemol | tr | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1561 | 1559 | Germacrene B | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | --- | --- |
| 1561 | 1561 | (E)-Nerolidol | --- | --- | --- | --- | tr |
| 1577 | 1577 | Spathulenol | tr | --- | --- | 0.1 | tr |
| 1582 | 1582 | Caryophyllene oxide | 0.2 | 1.4 | 0.3 | 0.8 | 0.5 |
| 1608 | 1608 | Humulene epoxide II | --- | 0.1 | --- | --- | --- |
| 1618 | 1618 | 1,10-di-epi-Cubenol | 0.1 | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1626 | 1629 | iso-Spathulenol | 0.3 | --- | --- | 0.3 | 0.1 |
| 1639 | 1644 | allo-Aromadendrene epoxide | tr | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1640 | 1640 | τ-Muurolol | --- | --- | --- | 0.1 | tr |
| 1644 | 1644 | α-Muurolol (=δ-Cadinol) | --- | --- | --- | 0.3 | 0.1 |
| 1651 | 1651 | Pogostol | 0.1 | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1652 | 1652 | α-Cadinol | 0.1 | --- | 0.1 | --- | --- |
| 1660 | 1660 | Selin-11-en-4α-ol | tr | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1685 | 1685 | Germacra-4(15),5,10(14)-trien-1α-ol | 0.5 | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Monoterpene hydrocarbons | 80.1 | 63.5 | 69.2 | 59.2 | 69.9 | ||
| Oxygenated monoterpenoids | 1.2 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.7 | ||
| Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons | 17.0 | 33.3 | 29.2 | 37.7 | 28.2 | ||
| Oxygenated sesquiterpenoids | 1.3 | 1.5 | 0.4 | 1.9 | 0.8 | ||
| Total identified | 99.7 | 99.3 | 99.7 | 99.5 | 99.7 |