Table 1.
Characteristics of healthy control participants and ischemic heart disease (IHD) patients.
| Characteristics | Total participants | Males | Females | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Healthy | IHD | Healthy | IHD | Healthy | IHD | |
| No. of participants | 331 | 292 | 84 | 187 | 247 | 105 |
| Age of participants (yr.) | 50.8 ± 0.4 | 52.4 ± 0.5∗ | 52.3 ± 0.7 | 53.4 ± 0.7 | 50.3 ± 0.5 | 50.6 ± 0.9 |
| Weight (kg) | 58.2 ± 0.6 | 60.8±0.6∗∗ | 64.6 ± 1.1 | 63.0 ± 0.7 | 56.0 ± 0.7 | 56.8 ± 0.8 |
| Height (m) | 1.5 ± 0.01 | 1.6±0.01∗∗∗ | 1.6 ± 0.01 | 1.6 ± 0.00∗ | 1.5 ± 0.00 | 1.5 ± 0.01 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.5 ± 0.2 | 24.1 ± 0.3 | 23.2 ± 0.3 | 24.1 ± 0.1∗ | 25.7 ± 0.3 | 25.7 ± 0.4 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)a | 136.2 ± 1.3 | 119.7±1.1∗∗∗ | 134.8 ± 1.9 | 119.6±1.3∗∗∗ | 136.7 ± 1.7 | 119.7±1.9∗∗∗ |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)a | 79.1 ± 0.7 | 76.9 ± 0.6∗ | 79.3 ± 1.3 | 77.8 ± 0.8 | 79.0 ± 0.9 | 76.1 ± 1.1∗ |
| Creatinine (mg/dl) | 0.8 ± 0.01 | 1.1±0.02∗∗∗ | 0.9 ± 0.04 | 1.2±0.03∗∗∗ | 0.8 ± 0.01 | 1.0±0.03∗∗∗ |
| Cholesterol (mg/dl)a | 163.3 ± 1.5 | 164.3 ± 2.8 | 159.8 ± 3.2 | 163.8 ± 3.7 | 164.5 ± 1.6 | 165.2 ± 4.0 |
| HDL (mg/dl)a | 38.6 ± 0.4 | 37.8 ± 0.6 | 36.9 ± 0.9 | 38.1 ± 0.8 | 39.1 ± 0.5 | 37.3 ± 1.0 |
| LDL (mg/dl)a | 94.9 ± 1.2 | 95.1 ± 2.2 | 93.1 ± 3.0 | 94.6 ± 3.0 | 95.5 ± 1.3 | 95.9 ± 3.1 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl)a | 151.9 ± 2.6 | 160.5 ± 5.9 | 150.2 ± 5.6 | 157.9 ± 7.3 | 152.5 ± 2.9 | 165.2 ± 10.0 |
| ALT (U/l) | 44.8 ± 0.8 | 59.8±3.7∗∗∗ | 44.7 ± 1.3 | 60.4 ± 4.3∗ | 44.9 ± 1.0 | 58.8±6.9∗∗ |
| FPG (mmol/l) | 4.4 ± 0.05 | 5.2±0.1∗∗∗ | 4.4 ± 0.1 | 5.0 ± 0.2∗ | 4.4 ± 0.1 | 5.5±0.2∗∗∗ |
The IHD patients were recruited from the patients admitted in the National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Hospital (NICVDH), Dhaka, Bangladesh. The control participants were recruited from a suburb of Dhaka, Bangladesh. All participants were on overnight (10 h) fasting and investigated for all the physical and biochemical tests described above. Statistics: values are expressed as mean ± SEM (values have been shown as median (range) in Table 2). Statistical significance of the difference between two respective groups was tested using the unpaired two-tailed Student's t-test. p < 0.05 is considered significant. ∗p < 0.05. ∗∗p < 0.01. ∗∗∗p < 0.001. aThe value might be influenced because most IHD patients were on antihypertension and antidyslipidemia (anticholesterol) medications.