Table 2.

Perioperative inflammatory mediators.

Inflammatory mediators	Timepoints	Control Group (n = 33)	Dex Group (n = 33)	p value
LPS, EU/ml	T0	135.1 (79.6)	125.5 (85.2)	0.638
	T1	120.8 (77.4)	94.8 (58.6)*	0.366
	T2	103.5 (61.1)*	90.5 (55.6)*	0.509
	T3	100.1 (61.4)*	80.5 (39.8)*	0.133
	T4	99.2 (53.8)*	75.3 (41.9)*	0.076
TNF-α, pg/ml	T0	15.13 (10.56)	16.37 (12.71)	0.944
	T1	15.18 (10.14)	16.35 (12.52)	0.928
	T2	62.68 (39.56)*	59.55 (30.33)*	0.969
	T3	74.89 (39.80)*	72.81 (40.53)*	0.663
	T4	64.71 (37.50)*	61.26 (37.22)*	0.847
CRP, ng/ml	T0	454.2 (344.3)	465.8 (407.0)	0.901
	T1	386.9 (308.1)	403.7 (359.4)	0.686
	T2	13702 (2090)*	12972 (2030)*	0.155
	T3	14298 (2099)*	13543 (2334)*	0.162
	T4	13706 (3111)*	12576 (3263)*	0.079

Data were expressed as mean (SD). *compared with T₀, P < 0.05; P in the table indicated the significant differences between two groups.

Dex, dexmedetomidine; LPS, lipopolysaccharides; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; CRP, C-reactive protein; T_0, baseline before induction; T_1, at the end of surgery; T_2, 24 _h after surgery; T_3, 48 _h after surgery; T_4, 72 h after surgery.