Table 1.
A summary of regulated lncRNAs, their corresponding functions and mechanisms in neurodevelopment
| Long noncoding RNAs | Regions | Mechanisms | Functions | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dlx1as, Six3os | NSCs | Recruits EZH2 and EYA | Glial‐neuronal lineage specification | 36 |
| Pnky | Nucleus of NSCs | Interacts with Pou3f2 | Neurogenesis and neural proliferation | 37 |
| Vax2os1 | Retina | Cell cycle regulator | Cell cycle progression of mouse retinal photoreceptor progenitor cells | 38 |
| Evf2 | Hippocampus and dentate gyrus | Recruits DLX and MECP2 | Differentiation of GABAergic neurons | 39 |
| TUNA | NSCs | Recruits NCL, PTBP1, and hnRNP‐K | Neural differentiation | 40 |
| Nkx2.2AS | Nucleus of NSCs | — | Oligodendrocyte lineage differentiation | 41 |
| NEAT1 | Nucleus of NSCs | Paraspeckle integrity | Oligodendrocyte lineage differentiation | 42 |
| Paupar | Glioma | Interacts with PAX6 and localize to SOX2, NANOG and HES1 | Neuroblastoma differentiation | 50 |
| LncRNA Riken‐201 and Riken‐203 | Neural differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells | Regulate Sox6 by sequestering miR‐96 and miR‐467a‐3p | Neural development and differentiation | 56 |
| Rmst | NSCs | Recruits SOX2 | Neural differentiation | 58 |
| LncKdm2b | Cortical projection neurons | Activates Kdm2b in cis | Cortical neuronal differentiation | 59 |
| LncND | Radial glia cells of the ventricular and subventricular zones of developing brain | Targets Notch signaling by binding and release of miR‐143‐3p | Neural development and differentiation | 63 |
| LncR492 | Murine embryonic stem cells | Interacts with the mRNA binding protein HuR and facilitates inhibitory function by activating Wnt signaling | Inhibits neural differentiation of murine embryonic stem cells | 64 |
| Sox2ot | Pluripotent stem cells and NSCs | Regulates Sox2 by an allele‐specific mechanism | Neural development | 65 |
| LncRNA‐1604 | Cytoplasm | Regulates lncRNA‐1604/miR‐200c/ZEB axis | Neural differentiation | 66 |
| LincRNA1230 | Embryonic stem (ES) cells | Modulation of bivalent modifications at the promoters of early neural genes; interacts with Wdr5 and inhibits the enrichment of H3K4me3 modifications | Neural differentiation | 67 |
| Dali | Glioma | Interacts with POU3F and DNMT1 | Neuroblastoma differentiation | 68 |
| Brn1b | Neocortex | Regulates BRN1 protein | Migration and differentiation of cortex | 69 |
| HAR1F | Cortex | Upregulates reelin | Neural development | 70 |
| Pou3f2 | NSCs | — | Neural stem cell proliferation | 71 |
| HOTAIR | Glioma | Recruits EZH2 | Neural differentiation/neuroblastoma differentiation | 72 |