Table 1.
Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of fQRS (+) and fQRS (−) groups
| fQRS(+), n = 40 | fQRS(−), n = 85 | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years (mean ± SD) | 66 ± 10.4 | 66.1 ± 12.1 | 0.966 |
| Male, n (%) | 27 (68) | 60 (70) | 0.726 |
| Body mass index, (kg/m2) | 29.9 ± 6.3 | 29.4 ± 6.5 | 0.720 |
| NYHA II, n (%) | 25 (63) | 56 (66) | 0.712 |
| NYHA III, n (%) | 15 (37) | 29 (34) | 0.841 |
| Smoking, n (%) | 14 (35) | 35 (41) | 0.509 |
| Ischemic heart disease, n (%) | 24 (60) | 54 (63) | 0.704 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 27 (68) | 55 (65) | 0.759 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 21 (53) | 38 (45) | 0.415 |
| Atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 18 (45) | 43 (51) | 0.432 |
| Beta blocker, n (%) | 30 (75) | 68 (80) | 0.526 |
| ACE‐I/ARB, n (%) | 28 (70) | 59 (69) | 0.947 |
| Spironolactone, n (%) | 19 (48) | 32 (38) | 0.296 |
| Digoxin, n (%) | 6 (15) | 23 (27) | 0.136 |
| LVEF (%) | 0.27 ± 0.07 | 0.29 ± 0.06 | 0.319 |
| Left atrium diameter (mm) | 47.5 ± 5.7 | 47.1 ± 6.2 | 0.722 |
| PASP (mmHg) | 45.7 ± 9.3 | 45.8 ± 10.6 | 0.946 |
| Left ventricle mass index (g/m2) | 145 ± 32.1 | 149.8 ± 39.1 | 0.495 |
| Creatinine, mg/dl | 1.18 ± 0.36 | 1.29 ± 0.56 | 0.282 |
| GFR, ml/min/1.73 m2 | 73.4 ± 26 | 65.6 ± 22.1 | 0.086 |
| Sodium, mEq/L | 138.1 ± 5.3 | 138.6 ± 5.1 | 0.658 |
| Potassium, mEq/L | 4.49 ± 0.57 | 4.59 ± 0.63 | 0.409 |
| Hemoglobin, g/dl | 12.3 ± 2.2 | 12.4 ± 2.19 | 0.954 |
| Glucose, mg/dl | 144.4 ± 45.9 | 152.4 ± 47.8 | 0.384 |
| Albumin, g/dl | 3.9 ± 0.6 | 4 ± 0.5 | 0.626 |
| CRP (mg/dl) | 33.2 ± 11.7 | 31.4 ± 10.4 | 0.394 |
| Troponin (mg/dl) | 0.117 ± 0.047 | 0.105 ± 0.037 | 0.096 |
| NT‐pro‐BNP (pg/ml) | 5,362 ± 701 | 4,452 ± 698 | <0.001 |
| Galectin‐3(pg/ml) | 607 ± 89.8 | 509.4 ± 63.5 | <0.001 |
Abbreviations: ACE‐I, angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors; ARB, angiotensin II receptor blockers; CRP, C‐reaktif protein; GFR, glomerular filtration rate; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; NT‐proBNP, N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide; NYHA, New York Heart Association; PASP, pulmonary artery systolic pressure.