Table 3.

EMV and Extrema parameters

Variable	Patients with PAF (n = 71)	Controls (n = 75)	p
Angle dynamics P‐dep (°)	174.25 ± 82.42	142.55 ± 81.40	0.021
Ratio dynamics P‐dep	1.53 ± 1.59	2.45 ± 2.87	0.003
Dipole angle azimuth angular speed P‐dep (degree/ms)	0.20 ± 1.70	−16.12 ± 119.84	n.s.
Dipole angle elevation angular speed P‐dep (degree/ms)	−0.19 ± 0.43	−0.31 ± 0.33	0.044
Dipole angle azimuth angular speed P‐rep (degree/ms)	5.77 ± 6.54	6.26 ± 7.77	n.s.
Dipole angle elevation angular speed P‐rep (degree/ms)	−0.46 ± 1.15	0.16 ± 0.92	<0.001
XY P‐rep (cm)	5.22 ± 2.68	4.72 ± 2.28	n.s.
YZ P‐rep (cm)	5.92 ± 2.43	5.18 ± 2.03	0.047
XZ P‐rep (cm)	5.81 ± 2.71	5.23 ± 2.01	n.s.
Max space trajectory P‐rep (cm)	9.89 ± 4.28	8.87 ± 3.40	n.s.

Note. EMV: Effective magnetic vector; PAF: paroxysmal atrial fibrillation; P‐dep: P‐wave depolarization; P‐rep: P‐wave repolarization.