Table 1.
Baseline clinical, demographical, ECG, and echocardiographic characteristics of the study population according to the presence of positive T wave in lead aVR (n = 82)
| Total, n = 82 | T wave (+), n = 30 | T wave (−), n = 52 | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at diagnosis | 29.1 ± 6.3 | 30.3 ± 6.8 | 28.5 ± 6.08 | 0.229 |
| Hypertension | 13 (15.9%) | 4 (13.3%) | 9 (17.3%) | 0.635 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 12 (14.6%) | 6 (20%) | 6 (11.5%) | 0.296 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 3 (3.7%) | 2 (6.7%) | 1 (1.9%) | 0.270 |
| Coronary artery disease | 2 (2.4%) | 1 (3.3%) | 1 (1.9%) | 0.690 |
| NYHA class III–IV | 31 (37.8%) | 21 (70%) | 10 (19.2%) | <0.001 |
| Family history of cardiomyopathy | 12 (14.6%) | 6 (20%) | 6 (11.5%) | 0.296 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 2 (2.4%) | 1 (3.3%) | 1 (1.9%) | 0.690 |
| Stroke | 2 (2.4%) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (3.8%) | 0.277 |
| Embolic events | 7 (8.5%) | 2 (6.7%) | 5 (9.6%) | 0.645 |
| ICD | 25 (30.5%) | 9 (30%) | 16 (30.8%) | 0.942 |
| Echocardiographic parameters | ||||
| LVEDD (mm) | 57.0 ± 5.1 | 59.1 ± 4.4 | 55.7 ± 5.3 | 0.005 |
| LVESD (mm) | 48.4 ± 9.5 | 53.3 ± 8.1 | 42.3 ± 7.6 | 0.010 |
| LA diameter (mm) | 39.1 ± 7.4 | 42.4 ± 6.1 | 37.4 ± 7.6 | 0.070 |
| LVEF (%) | 30.1 ± 7.5 | 26.5 ± 7.2 | 32.3 ± 6.9 | 0.001 |
| LVEF <35 (%) | 60 (73.2%) | 28 (93.3%) | 32 (61.5%) | 0.002 |
| SPAP | 37.0 ± 10.8 | 40.2 ± 12.6 | 35.2 ± 9.6 | 0.188 |
| Electrocardiographic parameters | ||||
| Heart rate | 84.1 ± 19.1 | 86.7 ± 25.4 | 82.7 ± 14.4 | 0.365 |
| Duration of PR interval | 181.8 ± 37.1 | 176.3 ± 37.7 | 184.8 ± 36.8 | 0.335 |
| Duration of QRS interval | 106.2 ± 14.3 | 104.7 ± 17.9 | 107.1 ± 11.8 | 0.461 |
| Duration of QTc interval | 469.1 ± 32.6 | 474.2 ± 23.3 | 466.2 ± 36.9 | 0.289 |
| Abnormal Q wave | 11 (13.4%) | 9 (30.0%) | 2 (3.8%) | 0.001 |
| T‐wave inversion | 28 (34.1%) | 10 (33.3%) | 18 (34.6%) | 0.906 |
| T‐wave inversion in anterior leads | 14 (17.1%) | 4 (13.3%) | 10 (19.2%) | 0.494 |
| T‐wave inversion in inferior leads | 3 (3.7%) | 3 (10.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.020 |
| T‐wave inversion in lateral leads | 16 (19.5%) | 8 (26.7%) | 8 (15.4%) | 0.214 |
| RBBB | 5 (6.1%) | 1 (3.3%) | 4 (7.7%) | 0.427 |
| Left axis deviation | 38 (46.3%) | 11 (36.7%) | 27 (51.9%) | 0.182 |
| Left ventricular hypertrophy | 9 (11.0%) | 0 (0%) | 9 (17.3%) | 0.016 |
ICD: implantable cardioverter defibrillator; LVEDD: left ventricular end‐diastolic diameter; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; LVEDD: left ventricular end‐diastolic diameter; LVESD: left ventricular end‐systolic diameter; NYHA: New York Heart Association; RBBB: right bundle branch block; SPAP: systolic pulmonary artery pressure.
Data are presented mean ± SD or n (%).
Bolded values indicate statistical significance (p < 0.05).