Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of the Study Participants
| Subjects (n) | 283 |
| Age (years) | 78 ± 11 |
| Male sex (%) | 48 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 27.51 ± 4.15 |
| Obese (%) | 26 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 143 ± 21 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 78 ± 13 |
| Arterial hypertension (%) | 82 |
| Creatinine clearance (mL/min) | 61 ± 22 |
| Serum potassium levels (mg/dL) | 4.5 ± 0.6 |
| Diabetes mellitus (%) | 28 |
| Current smokers (%) | 17 |
| Cardiovascular disease (%) | 17 |
| Pulmonary disease (%) | 16 |
| Thyroid dysfunction (%) | 31 |
| Hypothyroidism (%) | 24 |
| Physically active (%) | 85 |
| Pulmonary artery systolic pressure (mmHg) | 36 ± 9 |
| Left ventricle ejection fraction (%) | 58 ± 6 |
| Left atrial volume (mL) | 50 (40–65) |
| Left atrial volume index (mL/m2) | 28.2 (22.7–35.0) |
| β‐blockers administration (%) | 16 |
| Digitalis administration (%) | 4 |
| β‐adrenergic receptor agonists (%) | 3 |
| Heart rate (beats/min) | 65 ± 13 |
| Sinus rhythm (%) | 77 |
| Paced rhythm (%) | 3 |
| Atrial fibrillation (%) | 13 |
| Atrial flutter (%) | 1 |
| Multifocal atrial rhythms (MARs) (%) | 6 |
| Right bundle branch block (%) | 7 |
| Left bundle branch block (%) | 1 |
| Left anterior fascicular block (%) | 15 |
| Bifascicular block (%) | 5 |
| Trifascicular block (%) | 1 |
| First‐degree atrioventricular block (%) | 22 |
| Second‐degree atrioventricular block (%) | 2 |
Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation and as median with quartiles for continuous variables normally and not normally distributed, respectively. Categorical variables are presented as valid percentages.