Table 3.
Abnormal Signal‐Averaged ECG Results Using Previously Reported Cut‐off Values
| All Controls | Men | Women | Age ≤ 45 years | Age ≥ 45 years | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of Healthy Volunteers | 110 | 76 (69%) | 34 (31%) | 56 (51%) | 54 (49%) |
| Abnormal Time‐Domain Analysis (n) | |||||
| QRS duration > 114 ms (2,3) | 12 (11%) | 10 (13%) | 2 (6%) | 7 (13%) | 5 (9%) |
| RMS 40 < 20 μV (2,3) | 36 (33%) | 27 (36%) | 9 (26%) | 12 (21%) | 24 (44%)a |
| LAS 40 > 38 ms (2,3) | 29 (26%) | 21 (28%) | 8 (24%) | 11 (20%) | 18 (33%)b |
| 1 of the above (2,3,5,16) | 41 (37%) | 31 (41%) | 10 (29%) | 16 (29%) | 25 (46%)b |
| 2 of the above (6,9,12–16) | 29 (26%) | 21 (28%) | 8 (24%) | 11 (20%) | 18 (33%)b |
| 2 of the above + QRS > 114 ms (10) | 8 (7%) | 7 (9%) | 1 (3%) | 3 (5%) | 5 (9%) |
| All 3 of the above 9 (16) | 7 (6%) | 6 (8%) | 1 (3%) | 3 (5%) | 4 (7%) |
| QRS > 120 ms + RMS 40 < 20 μV (1) | 2 (2%) | 2 (3%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (2%) | 1 (2%) |
| QRS > 120 ms + RMS 40 < 20 μV + LAS 40 > 38 ms (16) | 1 (1%) | 1 (1%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (2%) |
| Abnormal Spectral Turbulence Analysis (n) | |||||
| Score 3 or 4 out of 4 (6,7,8) | 1 (1%) | 1 (1%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (2%) | 0 (0%) |
aP < 0.05 for persons aged <45 years versus ≥45 years. b P = 0.1 for persons aged <45 years versus ≥45 years. pNN50 = percent of differences between adjacent normal R‐R intervals that are >50 ms; RMSSD = square root of the mean of the sum of the squared differences between adjacent normal R‐R intervals; RRm = normal R‐R intervals; SDNN = standard deviation of all R‐R intervals; VPD = ventricular premature depolarization.