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. 2007 Oct 24;12(4):375–382. doi: 10.1111/j.1542-474X.2007.00187.x

Table 1.

Definition, Incidence and Prognostic Implications of Electrical Storm

Author ES Definition ES Incidence (patients) ES Prognosis Remarks
Kowey 10 ≥2 hemo‐dynamically relevant VT in 24 hour (All patients) ↓ (Mortality 13.6% in 48 hour) AAD study with ES as inclusion criterion
Villacastin 5 ≥2 shocks for one VT episode 16/80 (20%)  DFT?
Fries 9 ≥2 VT separated by ≤ 1 hour SR 34/57 (60%) Post implant VT included
Credner 18 ≥3 VT in 24 hour 14/136 (10%) Ø Only treated VT
Nademanee 17 ≥20 VT in 24 hour or ≥4 VT in 1 hour (All patients) ↓ (1‐year mortality 95% on AAD and 33% on β blocker) Study on AAD versus β blocker in ES
Exner 12 ≥3 VT in 24 hour 90/457 (20%) ↓ (RR 2.4) Only treated VT
Greene 19 ≥3 VT in 24 hour 40/227 (18%) Ø Only treated VT
Bänsch 15 ≥3 VT in 24 hour 30/106 (28%) Only DCM
Verma 23 ≥2 VT requiring shock in 24 hour 208/2028 (10%)
Wood 7 ≥3 VT in 24 hour 50/521 (9.5%) (Not analyzed)
Stuber 16 ≥3 VT in 2 weeks 51/214 (24%) ↓: 5 year mortality 33 versus 13% Only treated VT
Hohnloser 20 ≥3 separate VT in 24 hour 148/633 (23%) Ø Treatment with azimilide; all patients had had VT before
Arya 38 ≥3 VT in 24 hour 22/162 (14%) NA
Brigadeau 39 ≥2 separate VT in 24 hour 123/307 (40%) Ø
Gatzoulis 40 ≥3 VT in 24 hour 32/169 (19%) ↓: Mortality 53 versus 14% during 33 ± 26 months

The studies by Kowey et al. 10 and Nademanee et al. 17 included patients without an ICD. AAD = antiarrhythmic drugs, DCM = dilative cardiomyopathy; DFT = defibrillation threshold; ES = electrical storm; RR = relative risk; SR = sinus rhythm; vs = versus; VT = ventricular tachyarrhythmia; Ø= no influence on prognosis; ↓= reduced prognosis.