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. 2019 Jul-Sep;12(3):138–146. doi: 10.5935/1984-0063.20190075

Table 2.

Associations between sleep deprivation, characteristics of sleep quality, health behaviours and subjective health complaints.

  Sleep deprivation (%) Sleep less (%) Difficulties falling asleep (%) Waking up tired (%) Waking up middle of the night (%)
  Yes p Yes p Yes p Yes p Yes p
Physical activity   0.753   < 0.001   0.001   0.798   0.007
≤6 days/week 13.1   12.9   18.7   50.8   8.6  
Every day 12.4   21.2   25.5   51.5   12.8  
TV   0.113   0.484   0.195   < 0.001   0.133
≥4 hours/day 15.6   15.1   21,9   58.6   6.9  
<4 hours/day 12.5   13.7   19.0   49.3   9.2  
Fruit and vegetables   0.010   0.011   0.612   < 0.001   0.751
Not every day 14.0   14.8   19.7   52.8   9.0  
Every day 10.7   11.6   19.0   45.9   9.3  
Drink alcohol   < 0.001   < 0.001   0.007   < 0.001   0.024
Yes 19.2   19.5   21.9   58.7   10.4  
No 9.4   10.6   18.1   46.1   8.2  
Smoke cigarettes   < 0.001   < 0.001   0.002   < 0.001   < 0.001
Yes 19.1   24.9   25.4   63.1   15.6  
No 12.3   12.5   18.8   49.2   8.3  
Headache   < 0.001   < 0.001   < 0.001   < 0.001   < 0.001
At least once a month 16.3   17.7   26.1   57.7   13.8  
Rarely/never 10.7   11.1   14.8   45.8   5.7  
Sadness   < 0.001   < 0.001   < 0.001   < 0.001   < 0.001
At least once a month 16.1   19.5   28.4   57.8   14.8  
Rarely/never 11.4   10.8   14.7   46.9   5.9  
Tiredness   < 0.001   < 0.001   < 0.001   < 0.001   < 0.001
At least once a month 15.3   16.5   22.5   55.6   10.9  
Rarely/never 9.5   9.7   14.9   43.1   6.2  
Being bullied   0.165   0.003   < 0.001   0.129   < 0.001
Yes 15.1   18.7   26.2   54.2   15.4  
No 12.6   13.2   18.5   50.3   8.2  

All variables tested with Fisher's exact test.