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. 2019 Dec 26;7(24):e14330. doi: 10.14814/phy2.14330

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© 2019 The Authors. Physiological Reports published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of The Physiological Society and the American Physiological Society.

This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Changes in lung function and CT measures after bronchodilator treatment. (a) A histogram of the 6‐month and 1‐year changes in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV₁) after starting long‐acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) treatment. (b) Airway volume, (c) lung volume, and (d) airway tree to lung volume percentage ratio (AWV%) in the right upper, middle, and lower lobes (RUL, RML, and RLL) and the left upper and lower lobes (LUL and LLL). * and ** indicate p < .05 and p < .01, respectively