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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Cell Biol Toxicol. 2019 Jun 27;36(2):115–130. doi: 10.1007/s10565-019-09483-7

Figure 2. Bone marrow signaling interacts with metastatic PCa CSCs.

Figure 2

BMSC: bone marrow stromal cell; HSC: hematopoietic stem cell; MSC: mesenchymal stem cell; ECM: extracellular matrix; VEGF: vascular endothelial growth factor; CXCL12: stromal derived factor 1 (SDF-1); GAS6: growth arrest protein 6; TGFβ: transforming growth factor beta; FGFs: fibroblast growth factors; BMPs: bone morphogenic proteins; IL: Interleukin, OPN: osteopontin; RANKL: receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand.