Table 3.
Clinical category – QIs reaching consensus agreement.
| Subcategory type | Applicable scope of practice |
QI classification | Mean | SD | Round | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BLS | ILS | ALS | |||||
| ACS/STEMI subcategory | |||||||
| Patients with a provisional diagnosis of ACS/STEMI who had an ALS practitioner in attendance | X | Process | 3.7 | 1.3 | 2 | ||
| Patients with a provisional diagnosis of ACS/STEMI who had a set of defined cardiac risk factors assessed and recorded | X | X | Process | 3.8 | 1.1 | 3 | |
| Patients with a provisional diagnosis of ACS/STEMI who had a 12 lead ECG obtained | X | X | Process | 4.3 | 1.1 | 2 | |
| Patients with a provisional diagnosis of ACS/STEMI who were administered Aspirin | X | X | X | Process | 4.7 | 0.6 | 2 |
| Patients with a provisional diagnosis of ACS/STEMI who were administered GTN | X | X | Process | 3.9 | 1.1 | 2 | |
| Patients with a provisional diagnosis of ACS/STEMI who were assessed for suitability for thrombolysis by defined checklist | X | X | Process | 4.0 | 1.3 | 2 | |
| Patients with a provisional diagnosis of ACS/STEMI who were administered prehospital thrombolysis | X | Process | 3.8 | 1.4 | 3 | ||
| Patients with a provisional diagnosis of ACS/STEMI who were transported directly to a Facility with PCI capabilities | X | X | X | Process | 4.5 | 0.9 | 2 |
| Patients with a provisional diagnosis of ACS/STEMI who had EMS activation of the receiving Cath Lab | X | X | X | Process | 4.0 | 1.2 | 2 |
| Patients who received/met all components of a defined ACS/STEMI composite bundle score | X | Process | 4.2 | 1.1 | 2 | ||
| Acute Pulmonary Oedema subcategory | |||||||
| Patients with a provisional diagnosis of APO who were administered GTN | X | X | Process | 4.3 | 1.0 | 3 | |
| Patients with a provisional diagnosis of APO who received CPAP | X | Process | 3.9 | 1.0 | 3 | ||
| Patients with a provisional diagnosis of APO who had a 12 lead ECG obtained | X | X | Process | 4.3 | 1.0 | 3 | |
| Airway Management subcategory | |||||||
| Patients who received a pre-ETI paralytic, following which there was a decrease in SpO2 > 10% from baseline/or decrease below 70% overall | X | Process | 3.9 | 1.2 | 2 | ||
| Patients successfully intubated by EMS personnel where EtCO2 monitoring was used post ETI | X | Process | 4.8 | 0.5 | 2 | ||
| Patients successfully intubated via RSI by EMS personnel where a paralytic agent was administered post-ETI | X | Process | 4.1 | 1.1 | 2 | ||
| Patients successfully intubated by EMS personnel where a sedative agent was administered post-ETI | X | Process | 4.5 | 0.8 | 2 | ||
| Patients successfully intubated by EMS personnel where a mechanical ventilator was used post-ETI for ventilation | X | Process | 4.5 | 0.7 | 2 | ||
| Patients in whom ETI was attempted by EMS personnel who had an alternative airway inserted as a final airway | X | Process | 4.4 | 1.0 | 2 | ||
| Patients in whom ETI was attempted by EMS personnel who had a surgical airway inserted | X | Process | 4.3 | 1.2 | 2 | ||
| Patients successfully intubated by EMS personnel with an EtCO2 < 30 mmHg or >50 mmHg post-ETI >10 min during EMS care | X | Process | 4.2 | 1.2 | 2 | ||
| Patients in whom RSI with ETI was unsuccessful when attempted by EMS personnel | X | Process | 4.4 | 1.1 | 2 | ||
| Patients in whom Non-RSI ETI was unsuccessful when attempted by EMS personnel | X | Process | 4.3 | 1.2 | 2 | ||
| Patients in whom RSI with ETI was successful when attempted by EMS personnel | X | Process | 4.4 | 1.0 | 2 | ||
| Total number of patients successfully intubated via RSI by EMS personnel | X | Process | 4.3 | 1.1 | 2 | ||
| Patients who received/met all components of the defined Airway management composite Bundle score | X | Process | 4.4 | 1.0 | 2 | ||
| Anaphylaxis subcategory | |||||||
| Patients with a provisional diagnosis of Anaphylaxis and evidence of bronchoconstriction documented who were administered a B2 agonist | X | X | Process | 4.0 | 1.0 | 3 | |
| Patients with a provisional diagnosis of Anaphylaxis and evidence of bronchoconstriction documented who were administered an Anti-cholinergic bronchodilator | X | X | Process | 4.3 | 1.2 | 3 | |
| Patients with a provisional diagnosis of Anaphylaxis who were administered an antihistamine | X | Process | 4.3 | 1.1 | 3 | ||
| Patients with a provisional diagnosis of Anaphylaxis who were administered a corticosteroid | X | Process | 4.6 | 1.1 | 3 | ||
| Patients with a provisional diagnosis of Anaphylaxis and signs of a severe systemic response recorded who were administered IM Adrenaline | X | Process | 3.8 | 0.7 | 3 | ||
| Asthma/Bronchoconstriction | |||||||
| Patients with a provisional diagnosis of Asthma/Bronchoconstriction with lung sounds assessed and documented (pre and post treatment) | X | X | X | Process | 4.3 | 1.1 | 2 |
| Patients with a provisional diagnosis of Asthma/Bronchoconstriction with a SpO2 documented (pre and post treatment) | X | X | X | Process | 4.3 | 1.1 | 2 |
| Patients with a provisional diagnosis of Asthma/Bronchoconstriction who were administered a B2 agonist bronchodilator | X | X | Process | 4.6 | 0.7 | 2 | |
| Patients with a provisional diagnosis of Asthma/Bronchoconstriction who were administered an anticholinergic bronchodilator | X | X | Process | 4.0 | 1.2 | 2 | |
| Patients with a provisional diagnosis of Asthma/Bronchoconstriction who were administered a corticosteroid | X | Process | 4.0 | 1.3 | 2 | ||
| Patients with a provisional diagnosis of Asthma/Bronchoconstriction recorded with documented severe wheezes/silent chest/BP < 90 mmHg systolic BP who were administered IM Adrenalin | X | Process | 3.9 | 1.4 | 2 | ||
| Patients who received/met all components of the defined Asthma/Bronchoconstriction composite bundle score | X | Process | 4.3 | 1.1 | 2 | ||
| Burns subcategory | |||||||
| Patients with a provisional diagnosis of Burns with burns dressings applied | X | X | X | Process | 4.4 | 1.3 | 3 |
| Patients with a provisional diagnosis of Burns with body surface area and burns type assessed and recorded | X | X | X | Process | 4.2 | 0.9 | 3 |
| General subcategory | |||||||
| Serviceable suction unit devices available per defined area and/or time period | N/A | Structure | 4.1 | 1.3 | 2 | ||
| Serviceable 3 lead ECG monitoring devices available per defined area and/or time period | N/A | Structure | 4.2 | 1.1 | 2 | ||
| Serviceable 12 lead ECG monitoring devices available per defined area and/or time period | N/A | Structure | 4.3 | 1.1 | 2 | ||
| Serviceable portable oxygen cylinders available per defined area and/or time period | N/A | Structure | 4.2 | 1.1 | 2 | ||
| Serviceable Defibrillator/AED devices available per defined area and/or time period | N/A | Structure | 4.4 | 1.1 | 2 | ||
| Serviceable mechanical ventilators available per defined area and/or time period | N/A | Structure | 4.1 | 1.3 | 2 | ||
| Patients with reduced level of consciousness with a blood glucose measured | X | X | X | Process | 4.4 | 1.2 | 2 |
| Patients with a recorded SpO2 <95% who were administered supplemental Oxygen | X | X | X | Process | 3.9 | 1.4 | 2 |
| Patients with a provisional diagnosis recorded | X | X | X | Process | 3.9 | 1.4 | 2 |
| Hypoglycaemia subcategory | |||||||
| Patients with a blood glucose level <5 mmol who were administered Glucose | X | X | X | Process | 4.5 | 1.1 | 3 |
| Patients with a blood glucose level measured and recorded following Glucose administration | X | X | X | Process | 4.0 | 0.7 | 3 |
| Neonate/Paediatric subcategory | |||||||
| One min APGAR score assessed and recorded for newborn patients | X | X | X | Process | 4.5 | 1.1 | 2 |
| Five min APGAR score assessed and recorded for newborn patients | X | X | X | Process | 4.4 | 1.1 | 2 |
| Paediatric patients with a provisional diagnosis of Croup who were administered oral/inhaled steroids | X | Process | 3.9 | 1.1 | 3 | ||
| Paediatric patients with a provisional diagnosis of Croup who were administered nebulised Adrenalin | X | Process | 3.8 | 1.3 | 2 | ||
| Patient transportation to a facility with specialist Paediatric capabilities/resources | X | X | X | Process | 4.2 | 1.1 | 2 |
| Obstetrics subcategory | |||||||
| Obstetric patients who deliver prior to EMS arrival | X | X | X | Process | 4.0 | 1.1 | 3 |
| Obstetric patients with postpartum haemorrhage who were administered TXA | X | Process | 4.5 | 1.2 | 3 | ||
| Obstetric patients with a provisional diagnosis of Eclampsia or Pre-eclampsia who were administered Magnesium sulphate | X | Process | 4.2 | 0.8 | 3 | ||
| Obstetric patients who deliver during EMS care | X | X | X | Outcome | 4.2 | 1.2 | 3 |
| OHCA subcategory | |||||||
| Patients with a provisional diagnosis of OHCA with a witnessed collapse documented | X | X | X | Process | 4.4 | 1.1 | 2 |
| Patients with a provisional diagnosis of OHCA who received documented bystander CPR | N/A | Process | 4.5 | 0.9 | 2 | ||
| Patients with a provisional diagnosis of OHCA who received documented telephonic CPR advice | N/A | Process | 4.1 | 1.3 | 2 | ||
| Patients with a provisional diagnosis of OHCA with VF/VT as first presenting rhythm on arrival of EMS | X | X | X | Process | 4.5 | 1.0 | 2 |
| Patients with a provisional diagnosis of OHCA with Asystole/PEA as first presenting rhythm on arrival of EMS | X | X | X | Process | 4.2 | 1.2 | 2 |
| Patients with a provisional diagnosis of OHCA intubated with alternative airway device | X | Process | 4.1 | 1.0 | 3 | ||
| Patients with a provisional diagnosis of OHCA for whom resuscitation was cancelled prior to arrival at hospital | X | Process | 4.2 | 1.3 | 2 | ||
| Patients with a provisional diagnosis of OHCA who were transported to hospital (incl. ROSC and Non-ROSC patients) | X | X | X | Process | 4.1 | 1.3 | 2 |
| Patients with a provisional diagnosis of OHCA with ROSC at hospital handover | X | X | X | Process | 4.4 | 1.1 | 2 |
| Patients with a provisional diagnosis of OHCA with VF/VT at hospital handover | X | X | X | Process | 4.1 | 1.3 | 2 |
| Patients with a provisional diagnosis of OHCA with Asystole/PEA at hospital handover | X | X | X | Process | 3.9 | 1.4 | 2 |
| Patients with a provisional diagnosis of OHCA with survival to Emergency Centre discharge | X | X | X | Process | 4.4 | 1.2 | 2 |
| Patients with a provisional diagnosis of OHCA with survival to hospital discharge | X | X | X | Outcome | 4.8 | 0.8 | 2 |
| Pain Management subcategory | |||||||
| Patients with level of Pain measured via defined pain score | X | X | X | Process | 4.4 | 0.8 | 2 |
| Patients with a defined pain score threshold who were administered analgesia | X | X | Process | 4.5 | 0.7 | 2 | |
| Patients with level of pain measured via defined pain score following analgesia administration | X | X | X | Process | 4.5 | 0.8 | 2 |
| Seizures subcategory | |||||||
| Patients with a provisional diagnosis of Seizures with a blood glucose measured and recorded | X | X | X | Process | 4.6 | 0.6 | 2 |
| Patients with a provisional diagnosis of Seizures who were administered an antiepileptic for ongoing Seizures | X | Process | 4.4 | 0.9 | 2 | ||
| Stroke/TIA subcategory | |||||||
| Patients with a provisional diagnosis of Stroke/CVA/TIA with a blood glucose measured and recorded | X | X | X | Process | 4.4 | 0.9 | 2 |
| Patients with a provisional diagnosis of Stroke/CVA/TIA with a Stroke screening assessment performed (e.g.: FAST) | X | X | X | Process | 4.7 | 0.6 | 2 |
| Patients with a provisional diagnosis of Stroke/CVA/TIA with serial blood pressure measurements recorded (X3) | X | X | X | Process | 4.1 | 1.1 | 3 |
| Patients with a provisional diagnosis of Stroke/CVA/TIA delivered to a specialist Stroke Centre | X | X | X | Process | 4.2 | 1.3 | 2 |
| Patients with a provisional diagnosis of Stroke/CVA/TIA with direct delivery to CT scan | X | X | X | Process | 4.0 | 1.2 | 2 |
| Patients who received/met all components of the defined Stroke/CVA/TIA composite bundle score | X | X | X | Process | 4.4 | 1.2 | 2 |
| Trauma subcategory | |||||||
| Patients designated as a trauma case with entrapment on scene documented | X | X | X | Process | 3.6 | 0.9 | 3 |
| Patients designated as a trauma case with a BP <90 mmHg | N/A | Process | 4.0 | 1.4 | 2 | ||
| Patients designated as a trauma case with partial/full amputation who had a tourniquet applied | X | X | X | Process | 4.0 | 1.4 | 2 |
| Patients designated as a trauma case with a femur fracture and traction splint use | X | X | X | Process | 3.7 | 1.3 | 2 |
| Patients designated as a trauma case with a BP <90 mmHg who were administered TXA | X | Process | 4.4 | 1.0 | 2 | ||
| Patients designated as a trauma case with direct transportation to a specialist Trauma Centre | X | X | X | Process | 4.1 | 1.3 | 2 |