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MEL inhibited the expression of pivotal genes in Module 4, as shown by qRT‐PCR in UM‐UC‐3 and 5637 cells. The mRNA expression of seven genes in Module 4 (ie EPHB2, FYN, NRAS, PAK2, EPHB1, EGFR, and PAK1) was determined through qRT‐PCR in (A) UM‐UC‐3 and (B) 5637 cells after treatment with MEL (0, 2, 4, or 6 μg/mL); *, P < .05; **, P < .01. MEL, melittin; qRT‐PCR, quantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction
