Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of systemic sclerosis patients and age- and sex-matched controls
| Case (n = 3665) | Control (n = 18,325) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | N (%) | p value | |
| Age, years | 49.1 ± 14.9 | 49.1 ± 14.9 | 1 |
| Sex | |||
| Male | 760 (20.7) | 3800 (20.7) | 1 |
| Comorbidity | |||
| Diabetes mellitus | 374 (10.4) | 1090 (5.9) | < 0.001 |
| Hypertension | 723 (20.0) | 2116 (11.5) | < 0.001 |
| Dyslipidemia | 424 (11.7) | 829 (4.5) | < 0.001 |
| Coronary artery disease | 339 (9.4) | 770 (4.2) | < 0.001 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 121 (3.3) | 116 (0.6) | < 0.001 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 461 (12.8) | 916 (5.0) | < 0.001 |
| History of uncomplicated peptic ulcer disease | 262 (7.1) | 644 (3.5) | < 0.001 |
| Medications | |||
| Antiplatelets | 491 (13.4) | 705 (3.8) | < 0.001 |
| Warfarin | 45 (1.2) | 43 (0.2) | < 0.001 |
| Traditional nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs | 1250 (34.1) | 3015 (16.5) | < 0.001 |
| Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors | 485 (13.2) | 100 (0.5) | < 0.001 |
| Proton pump inhibitors | 155 (4.2) | 103 (0.6) | < 0.001 |
| Histamine type 2 receptor antagonist | 101 (2.8) | 233 (1.3) | < 0.001 |
| Steroids | 1370 (37.4) | 564 (3.1) | < 0.001 |