Skip to main content
. 2019 Dec 20;9:1408. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01408

Table 4.

Diversification of non-curative care by re-establishing growth attenuating biologic hallmarks via pro-anakoinotic processes.

graphic file with name fonc-09-01408-i0001.jpg
Re-establishing growth attenuating biologic hallmarks or apoptosis
Combinations of master modifiers: resetting tumor systems References
Biologic outcome: Changes in tumor biology
• Simultaneous modeling of heterologous cell compartments and pathways
• Tumor stem cell quiescence: Targeting the tumor cell niche
• Simultaneous inflammation control, anti-angiogenesis, immunologic tumor control, modeling of tumor metabolism
• Targeting dysregulated homeostatic pathways
• Targeting tumor system's robustness
• Induction of differentiation with regain of function, transdifferentiation, biologic memory
• Therapy effects beyond therapy discontinuation: Induction of biologic memory
• Attenuation of metastatic spread or outgrowth
Clinical outcome: Interactions of cellular compartments, tumor-organ and -organism interactions
• “Off-target” effect: Tumor cell death followed by continuous complete remission (alternative pro-apoptotic pathways)
• Resolution of cachexia while stabalizing metastatic tumor disease
• Favorable effects on efficacy of consecutive therapies (progression-free survival 2)
• Pro-anakoinotic therapies replace temporary complete remission or molecular complete remission by long-term disease stabilization at minimized toxicity (replicative arrest or tumor dormancy)
• Inhibition of further metastatic spread following progression after pro-anakoinotic therapy
• Tumor control via resetting interaction of tumor harboring organ and tumor
(811, 18, 33, 54, 58, 59, 94, 98104)

Master modifiers facilitate reprogramming of tumor tissue, for example via agonists of nuclear transcription factors, which exploit—from a communication technical view—the tumors' “background knowledge”.