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. 2019 Dec 9;130(1):466–479. doi: 10.1172/JCI124332

Figure 5. SCFAs impair APC activity in vitro and abrogate vancomycin-enhanced RT antitumor activity in vivo.

Figure 5

(A) Bone marrow–derived DCs (bmDCs) were either untreated, treated with 100 μM butyrate (C4), or treated with 100 μM propionate (C3) together with OVA protein (100 μg/mL) for 24 hours before they were plated to an ELISPOT plate with T cells from OT1 mice. (B) Purified T cells were in vitro–stimulated with aCD3/aCD28 in the presence or absence of 100 μM C4/butyrate in a IFN-γ ELISPOT plate. (C) In vivo effects on tumor growth in irradiated mice treated with vancomycin-containing drinking water with or without C4. Mean ± SEM are shown. Statistical significance was assessed by 2-way ANOVA. (D) Ifng mRNA expression levels in tumors from irradiated mice treated with vancomycin-containing drinking water with and without C4/butyrate. Mean ± SEM are shown. Statistical significance was assessed by Tukey’s test. (E) Flow cytometry analysis of OVA-presenting DCs and (F) CD3+CD8+Tet-OVA+ cell subsets. Mean ± SEM are shown. Statistical significance was assessed by Tukey’s test. n = 5 to 10 mice per group. Data are representative of at least 2 independent experiments. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01.