Table 1.

Characteristics of the participating ICUs and patients; values are median (IQR) unless indicated otherwise

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ICU-level characteristics
No included in analysis	11	10
Centre type
Academic	2	1
Non-academic	9	9
No of beds	16.0 (11.0–24.0)	12.5 (9.0–15.5)
No of FTE intensivists	6.3 (4.9–9.0)	6.1 (5.0–8.6)
No of FTE nurses	64.0 (33.5–86.0)	42.5 (28.4–50.9)
Patient-level characteristics
No of patient admissions during the trial	13 950	11 284
Admission type
Surgical (%)	7282 (52.2)	6003 (53.2)
Medical (%)	6639 (47.6)	5269 (46.7)
Unknown (%)	29 (0.2)	12 (0.1)
ICU length of stay in shifts	4.0 (3.0–10.0)	4.0 (3.0–9.0)
Total no of observed patient-shifts	141 324	112 235
Day shift	50 239	39 928
Evening shift	45 957	36 247
Night shift	45 128	36 060

Performance pre-intervention includes 3 months before implementation of the intervention.

FTE, full-time equivalent; ICU, intensive care unit.