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. 2019 Dec 27;14(12):e0225854. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225854

Table 3. Bivariate and multivariate associations between exposures to intimate partner violence, adversities, relationship dependencies and witnessing overdose for women who reported ever using illicit drugs (n = 201).

Ever witness overdose
Unadjusted Adjusted
RR 95% C.I RR 95% C.I
Interpersonal trauma
Intimate partner violence
None ref ref ref ref
Verbal 1.0 (.5, 2.4) 1.0 (.4, 2.3)
Moderate 1.9 (1.0, 3.0) 1.9 (1.1, 3.2)
Severe 1.3 (.7, 2.3) 1.2 (.7, 2.2)
Relationship dependencies
Drug financial dependency 1.5 (1.0, 2.3) 1.4 (.9, 2.2)
Drug financial provider 1.5 (1.0, 2.4) 1.5 (1.0, 2.4)
Pool money to buy drugs 2.8 (1.8, 4.2) 2.7 (1.7, 4.2)
Do drugs or split drugs 2.0 (1.3, 3.2) 1.9 (1.2, 3.0)
Scale 1.3 (1.1, 1.5) 1.2 (1.1, 1.4)
Childhood adversity 1.3 (1.1, 1.4) 1.3 (1.1, 1.4)
Lifetime adversity 1.3 (1.2, 1.4) 1.3 (1.2, 1.4)

Adjusted models included covariates of race, ethnicity, education, marital status; RR: Relative Risk