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. 2019 Dec 27;9:19950. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-56276-3

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Downregulation of fibronectin induces retarded collective migration of cellular monolayer derived from 3D cell-aggregates. (A) FN1 or control siRNA transfected MDA-MB-231 parental and LM2 cells (5,000 cells/well) were cultured in ultra-low attachment 96-well round bottom plates to form aggregates for 48 hours. Scale bar: 500 μm. (C,D) MDA-MB-231 parental cell-aggregates were transferred to uncoated or fibronectin VI-coated culture plates and the areas covered by cellular monolayer derived from the aggregates were measured by using ImageJ. The covered area with cellular monolayer at 24 hour was deducted from that at 48 hour. (B) A cartoon explains migration of cellular monolayer derived from cell-aggregates. (means ± s.e.m; Student’s t-test).