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. 2019 Dec 27;9:19890. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-56535-3

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Preliminary evaluation of hBD3-mediated autophagy inhibition in rat NEC model. The expression of autophagy-related proteins LC3, p62 and Beclin1 in the ileum of rats among four groups was assessed by western blotting, the LC3II/LC3I ratio and Beclin1 expression was analyzed. (A) Kaplan Meier survival analysis was used to identify the differences of survival time in groups. (B) NEC pathological score was conducted in each group by a pathologist independently and compared with other groups as indicated. (C) Rats were intraperitoneal injected with BrdU 18 h before killing and immunostained with BrdU antibody to measure the enterocyte migration (D, scale bar, 50 μm). The migration distance (E) and mobility (F) were evaluated. ZO-1 and occludin were immunostained on the sections of the terminal ileum from rats among different groups (G, scale bar, 50 μm). Data was expressed as mean ± SD from three independent experiments and representative images were presented. Abbreviations: Abbreviations: BrdU: 5-Bromo-2′-deoxyuridine, NS: Normal Saline. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.