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. 2019 Dec 27;9:19955. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-56248-7

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Comparison of electrolyzed oxidizing water (EOW) activity with equivalent concentrations of sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) and chlorine dioxide (ClO₂) expressed as mg/L of free chlorine. (a) Escherichia coli, (b) Listeria innocua 6a, (c) Salmonella Enteritidis 11RX, and (d) mixed bacterial culture. Figures were generated using Prism v8 (GraphPad Software, San Diego, CA, USA).