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. 2019 Dec 27;9:20057. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-56370-6

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Immune response in the tumor microenvironment after prophylactic and therapeutic vaccination with 3BD9 cells. The chart depicts the immune activity as observed after vaccination with CD47^−/− 3BD9 cells (I) by analysis of the immune phenotypes infiltrating tumors typically after a tumor implant (II), as well as post vaccination with CD47^−/− 3BD9 cells, both prophylactic (III) and therapeutic (IV). Black arrows in the figure depict lineage and process, green arrows depict activation, and red lines depict inhibition. Dotted green arrows and dotted red arrows near cell subsets depict anti-tumorigenic and pro-tumorigenic cell types, respectively, and their direction depicts the levels observed (UP arrows – elevated; DOWN arrows – reduced). Blue dotted lines depict no change from control tumors (PBS vaccinated). Cell types are divided into sections based on their phenotypic characteristics. The antigen presenting cells subset shows activated M1-type macrophages and activated dendritic cells; the activated effector compartment includes Ki67⁺ T cells and NK cells; the exhausted T cell compartment consists of PD-1⁺ T cells; the tumor associated macrophage compartment includes the Ly6C^int TAMs (TAM-1), MHC^hi TAMs (TAM-2) and MHC^low TAMs (TAM-3).