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. 2019 Dec 27;9:20152. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-56817-w

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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The effect of LKU4 administration on HFD-induced obesity and insulin resistance. LKU4 or PBS was administered daily to C57BL/6 male mice for 14 weeks during feeding with a ND or a HFD. Body weight (A), food intake (B), and tissue weight (C) of mice were measured as indicated (n = 8–10 per group). (D) Shown are representative images (left upper), histology (left middle), and adipocyte size (in diameter; lower) in iWAT from each group of mice (n = 160 adipocytes; 40 adipocytes x 4 animals per group). (E) Representative images (left upper), histology (left middle; n = 4 per group) and triglyceride content of the eWAT and the liver (lower; n = 6–9 per group). (F) Plasma levels of free fatty acids, triglycerides, glucose, and insulin (n = 5–8 per group). (G) Glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance tests were performed on each group of mice after 14 weeks of feeding (n = 6–8 per group). HFD vs HFD-LKU4; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.005, ***P < 0.001.