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. 2019 Dec 27;9:19899. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-56493-w

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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VIGS triggers target-specific knockdown of root-expressed ABC transporter genes in tomato. (A) The mean ratio of ABC-C6 abundance relative to the endogenous control gene, elongation factor 1 subunit alpha (EF-α), following blunt syringe inoculation of A. tumefaciens and pTRV plasmids. (B) The mean ratio of ABC-C6 abundance relative to the endogenous control gene following topical application of A. tumefaciens and pTRV plasmids. (C) The mean ratio of ABC-G33 abundance relative to the endogenous control gene following blunt syringe inoculation of A. tumefaciens and pTRV plasmids. (D) The mean ratio of ABC-G33 abundance relative to the endogenous control gene following topical application of A. tumefaciens and pTRV plasmids. Data represent three biological replicates sampled on day 21 post-inoculation, with each replicate consisting of three plants each; error bars represent SEM. One-way ANOVA and Tukey’s HSD tests were used to assess statistical significance between groups (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001).