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. 2019 Dec 27;9:19899. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-56493-w

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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PPN responses to selected exudate compounds. Chemotaxis responses to selected compounds inoculated into control plant root exudate (PDS knockdown treatment) for: (A) M. incognita; (B) M. javanica; (C) G. pallida. Data represent the mean of five biological replicates of root exudate, for which ten replicate assays are performed for each nematode species. Asterisks indicate statistical significance in chemosensory index relative to the PDS:DMSO control following one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s HSD tests. Hatch responses following inoculation of control exudate with selected compounds for: (D) M. incognita; (E) M. javanica; (F) G. pallida. The area under the curve of percentage hatch (AUCPH) was estimated by trapezoidal integration and compared by one-way ANOVA and Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test and asterisks indicate statistical significance in hatching relative to the PDS:DMSO control. **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; ****P < 0.0001, error bars represent SEM.