Table 1.
Demographic data and descriptive statistics for the main study variables health problems, negative affect, and interpersonal problems by Group (N =131).
|
BPD (n = 80) |
DD (n = 51) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n/M | %/SD | n/M | %/SD | |
| Age | 32.1 | 11.7 | 34.5 | 12.0 |
| Sex | ||||
| Female | 74 | 92.5% | 40 | 78.4% |
| Male | 6 | 7.5% | 11 | 21.6% |
| Ethnicity | ||||
| African-American | 5 | 6.3% | 4 | 7.8% |
| Hispanic | 3 | 3.8% | 2 | 3.9% |
| Caucasian | 67 | 83.3% | 44 | 86.3% |
| Native American | 0 | 0% | 1 | 2.0% |
| Asian-American | 2 | 2.5% | 0 | 0% |
| Other | 1 | 1.3% | 0 | 0% |
| Marital Status | ||||
| Single, Never Married | 41 | 51.3% | 23 | 45.1% |
| Married | 13 | 16.3% | 13 | 25.5% |
| Cohabitating | 9 | 11.3% | 6 | 11.8% |
| Divorced or Separated | 17 | 21.3% | 9 | 17.7% |
| Annual Income | ||||
| $0 to $25,000 | 57 | 71.3% | 35 | 68.6% |
| $25,001 to $50,000 | 12 | 15.0% | 10 | 19.6% |
| $50,001 to $75,000 | 5 | 6.3% | 3 | 5.9% |
| $75,001 to $100,000 | 4 | 5.0% | 1 | 1.9% |
| Above $100,000 | 2 | 2.5% | 2 | 3.9% |
| Currently Employeda | 39 | 48.8% | 24 | 47.1% |
| Current Axis-I Comorbidity | ||||
| Any mood disorderb | 50 | 62.5% | 51 | 100% |
| Any anxiety disorder | 63 | 78.8% | 34 | 66.7% |
| Any eating disorder | 18 | 22.5% | 3 | 5.9% |
| Any substance use disorder | 14 | 17.5% | 3 | 5.9% |
| Current Axis-II Comorbidity | ||||
| Any PD other than Borderline | 74 | 92.5% | 20 | 39.2% |
| Narcissistic PD | 8 | 10.0% | 0 | 0.0% |
| Histrionic PD | 7 | 8.8% | 0 | 0.0% |
| Antisocial PDc | 18 | 22.5% | 2 | 3.9% |
| Schizotypal PD | 2 | 2.5% | 0 | 0.0% |
| Schizoid PD | 0 | 0.0% | 0 | 0.0% |
| Paranoid PD | 11 | 13.8% | 1 | 2.0% |
| Avoidant PD | 28 | 35.0% | 16 | 31.4% |
| Dependent PD | 8 | 10.0% | 2 | 3.9% |
| Obsessive Compulsive PD | 19 | 23.8% | 6 | 11.8% |
| Ever hospitalized | 46 | 57.5% | 18 | 35.3% |
| Number of hospitalizations | 4.9 | 7.8 | 2.8 | 2.3 |
| Currently in outpatient treatment | 75 | 93.8% | 48 | 94.1% |
| Months ever in outpatient treatment | 36.9 | 57.8 | 35.0 | 42.4 |
| Health problemsd | ||||
| Gastrointestinal symptoms | 0.5 | 0.8 | 0.4 | 0.7 |
| Respiratory symptoms | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0.4 |
| Ache symptoms | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.7 |
| Depression symptoms | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.7 |
| Total health problems | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 1.8 |
| Negative affectd | 1.6 | 0.8 | 1.6 | 0.6 |
| Interpersonal problemsd | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.4 |
Note. BPD = Borderline Personality Disorder; DD = Depressive Disorder.
Employment information was unavailable for 2 individuals in the DD group and 1 individual in the BPD group.
There were 3 BPD individuals with unavailable Axis I and II diagnostic data, with the exception that 2 of these individuals did provide data for the mood disorder category.
For Antisocial PD, only Criterion A was assessed. Health problems and interpersonal problems means represent the average number of problems that were endorsed at any given prompt.
Values represent sample averages and standard deviations after aggregating ambulatory assessment reports to the person level.